09b_Cluster B Personality Disorders Flashcards
Antisocial Personality Disorder:
Diagnostic Criteria
Disregard for and violation of the rights of others
Symptoms emerge prior to age 16
3+ characteristic symptoms
Antisocial Personality Disorder:
Characteristic Symptoms
Lack of remorse
Failure to conform to social norms / lawful behavior
Deceitfulness
Impulsivity
Irritability and aggressiveness
Reckless disregard for the safety of self and others
Consistent irresponsibility
Antisocial Personality Disorder:
Age criteria
At least 18
History of Conduct Disorder before the age of 15
Antisocial Personality Disorder:
Associated Features
Inflated sense of self
Lack of empathy for others
Superficial charm
Antisocial Personality Disorder:
Course
ASPD is chronic
However, symptoms such as involvement in criminal behavior often become less severe and pervasive by the fourth decade of life
Borderline Personality Disorder:
Core Features
Instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affect
Impulsivity by early adulthood in multiple contexts
Borderline Personality Disorder:
Diagnostic Criteria
5+ characteristic symptoms
Borderline Personality Disorder:
Characteristic Symptoms
Frantic efforts to avoid abandonment
Unstable, intense interpersonal relationships marked by fluctuation between idealization and devaluation
Identity disturbance involving a persistent instability in self -mage or sense of self
Impulsivity in at least two areas that are potentially self damaging (e.g. sex, substance use)
Recurrent suicide threats or gestures
Affective instability
Chronic feelings of emptiness
Inappropriate intense anger or difficulty controlling anger
Transient stress-related paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms
Borderline Personality Disorder:
Onset/course
Most commonly diagnosed ages 19 through 34
Young Adulthood: most chronic/severe symptoms
75% no longer meet criteria by age 40
Borderline Personality Disorder:
Speed of Symptom Resolution based on Symptom Type
Impulsive sxs = quickest to resolve
Cognitive and interpersonal sxs = intermediate
Affective sxs = most chronic
Linehan’s BioSocial Model
Core feature of BPD
Emotion Dysregulation due to:
- Excessive emotional vulnerability
- Inability to modulate strong emotions
- Invalidating environment
Borderline Personality Disorder:
Psychodynamic theories of BPD
Object relations = mother-child relationship
Mahler = fixation during separation-individuation phase
Kernberg= unpredictable caregiver-child interactions
*alternating rejection and smothering
Borderline Personality Disorder:
Two Main Theoretical Foundations of DBT
CBT
Rogerian
*Acceptance of client is key component of change
Borderline Personality Disorder:
3 basic strategies of DBT
Group skills training:
emotion reg and social/coping skills
Individual outpatient therapy
Telephone consultations
Narcissistic Personality Disorder:
Core Features
Grandiosity
Need for admiration
Lack of empathy
[lack of empathy is an associated feature of ASPD, but a Core Feature of NPD]
Narcissistic Personality Disorder:
Diagnostic Criteria
5+ characteristic symptoms
Pattern begins by early adulthood
Apparent in various contexts
Narcissistic Personality Disorder:
Characteristic Symptoms
Grandiose sense of self-importance
Fantasies of unlimited success, power, beauty, love
Belief that one is unique and can be understood only by other high status people
Requires excessive admiration
Has a sense of entitlement
Interpersonally exploitative
Lacks empathy
Envious of others
Believes others are envious of them
Exhibits arrogant behaviors and attitudes
Histrionic Personality Disorder:
Core Features
Emotionality
Attention-Seeking
Histrionic Personality Disorder:
Diagnostic Critera
5+ Characteristic Symptoms
Histrionic Personality Disorder:
Characteristic Symptoms
Discomfort when not the center of attention
Inappropriately sexually seductive or provocative
Rapidly shifting and shallow emotion
Consistent use of physical appearance to gain attention
Excessively impressionistic speech that is lacking in detail
Exaggerated expression of emotion
Easily influenced by others
Considers relationships to be more intimate than they are
