03_Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

Question 1

Delusional Disorder:

Diagnostic Criteria

Answer 1

1+ month

1+ delusions

May be accompanied by hallucinations pertinent to delusion

Functioning is not significantly affected apart from behaviors related to delusions

Behavior does not appear to be odd or peculiar

Question 2

Delusional Disorder:

Seven Types

Answer 2

Erotomanic

Grandiose

Persecutory

Jealous

Somatic

Mixed

Unspecified

Question 3

Schizophreniform Disorder:

Duration Criterion

Answer 3

1+ month and less than 6 months

Identical to Schizophrenia symptoms

More than 6 months = Schizophrenia

Question 4

Schizophrenia:

Duration Criterion

Answer 4

6+ months

2+ Symptoms
*One must be Positive symptom

Question 5

Schizophrenia:

Symptoms

Answer 5

Hallucinations

Delusions

Disorganized incoherent speech

Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior

Negative Symptoms
e.g. blunted / flat affect, avolition

Question 6

Schizophrenia:

Prevalence

Answer 6

0.3 to 0.7%

Slightly lower prevalence for females

Question 7

Schizophrenia:

Age of Onset

Answer 7

Late teens to early 30s

Males: early to mid-20s

Females: late 20s

Question 8

Schizophrenia:

Factors that can improve Prognosis

Answer 8

Good premorbid adjustment

Acute and late onset

Female gender

Precipitating event

Brief duration of active-phase symptoms

Insight

Family history of mood disorder

No family history of schizophrenia

Question 9

Schizophrenia:

Concordance Rates

Answer 9

48%: identical twin

46%: both parents with schizophrenia

17%: fraternal twin

10%: biological sibling

Question 10

Schizophrenia:

Brain Abnormalities

Answer 10

Enlarged ventricles

Smaller hippocampus, amygdala, and globus pallidus

Question 11

Schizophrenia:

Possible etiology of negative symptoms

Answer 11

Hypofrontality [Low PFC activity]

Question 12

Schizophrenia:

Differential Diagnosis

Answer 12

Effects of amphetamines and cocaine

Schizoaffective disorder

Major depressive disorder

Bipolar disorder with psychotic features

Question 13

Schizophrenia
vs
Schizoaffective, Bipolar, or MDD

Answer 13

Schizophrenia:

Mood symptoms are brief relative to the duration of the disorder

Mood symptoms do not meet full criteria for a mood episode

Question 14

Schizoaffective Disorder:

Main distinguishing features

Answer 14

Mood symptoms Absent for Two Weeks & continued presence of psychotic symptoms

[For MDD/ Bipolar w psychotic features:
psychotic symptoms occur only during episodes of a mood disturbance

Question 15

Brief Psychotic Disorder:

Duration Criterion

Answer 15

1 day to 1 month

Question 16

Brief Psychotic Disorder:

Symptom Criteria

Answer 16

1+ positive psychotic symptoms
*Often follows exposure to an overwhelming stressor

Eventual return to premorbid functioning