07e_Substance Use Disorders

Question 1

Substance Use Disorders:

Diagnostic Criteria

Answer 1

2+ characteristic symptoms during a 12 month period

Cluster of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological symptoms

Individual continues using substance
despite significant substance related problems

Question 2

Substance Use Disorders:

Four Symptom Groups

Answer 2

Impaired control

Social impairment

Risky use

Pharmacological criteria

Question 3

Substance Use Disorders:

Impaired control

Answer 3

Substance used in larger amounts or for a longer period of time than intended

Persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control use

Great deal of time spent in activities related to obtaining the substance or recovering from its effects

Craving for the substance

Question 4

Substance Use Disorders:

Social impairment

Answer 4

Failure to fulfill major role obligations at home, school, or work

Recurrent substance use despite persistent social problems caused or worsened by substance use

Important activities given up or reduced due to substance use

Question 5

Substance Use Disorders:

Pharmacological criteria

Answer 5

Tolerance

Withdrawal

Question 6

A diagnosis of Substance Use Disorder can be applied to all classes of drugs except _________.

Answer 6

Caffeine

Question 7

“Addiction”

Answer 7

This term is not a diagnostic criterion but often appears in the literature

Described as:
Compulsion to use the drug
Development of tolerance for the drug
Withdrawal symptoms when drug is not taken

Question 8

Substance Use Disorder:

Tension-Reduction-Hypothesis (Conger)

Answer 8

Addiction is the result of negative reinforcement

Question 9

Substance Use Disorder:

Etiology

Marlatt and Gordon

Answer 9

LIke all behaviors, addictive behaviors are Acquired

Addiction = overlearned, maladaptive habit pattern

Question 10

Substance Use Disorder:

Treatment Approach

Answer 10

Psychotherapy + Pharmacotherapy

Question 11

Substance Use Disorder:

Treatments

Answer 11

CBT:
Contingency management
Motivational interviewing
Relapse prevention training

Family and couple therapy

12-step or other self-help program

Question 12

Substance Use Disorder:

Pharmacotherapy

Answer 12

Naltrexone & Disulfiram (Alcohol use disorder)

Bupropion (tobacco)

Question 13

Most common precipitating factor of relapse

Answer 13

Negative emotional states

Many interventions target situations that elicit negative emotions

Question 14

Abstinence Violation Effect

Answer 14

Self blame, guilt, anxiety, and depression

Leads to increased susceptibility to further alcohol consumption

Question 15

Abstinence Violation Effect:

Method for reducing potential of future relapse

Answer 15

If patient can learn to view episode of drinking as a mistake resulting from specific, external, and controllable factors

Question 16

Relapse Prevention Therapy

Marlatt and Gordon

Answer 16

Identify circumstances that increase risk for relapse

Behavioral and cognitive strategies to help prevent future lapses and deal more effectively if they occur

Question 17

Tobacco Use Disorder:

Complicating factors

Answer 17

Nicotine use provides reinforcing effects and avoidance of withdrawal symptoms

Fear of failure

Fear of gaining weight

Nicotine craving continues for years after abstinence

Question 18

Tobacco Use Disorder:

Best predictors of successful smoking cessation

Answer 18

Male

35 or older

College education

Live in a smoke-free home

Have a non-smoking policy at work

Married or living with a partner

Started smoking at a later age

Low level of nicotine dependence

Abstained for longer than five days during previous attempts to quit

Question 19

Therapeutic Combination for Long-Term Tobacco Cessation

Answer 19

Nicotine replacement therapy
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Multicomponent behavioral therapy
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Support and assistance from a clinician