Yr 1 Digestion Flashcards
What is digestion?
Process of breaking down food
by mechanical and chemical action
in the digestive tract into substances
that can be used by the body.
Three functions of the digestive system
Digestion
Absorption
Excretion
2 types of digestion and key parts
Mechanical - chewing, peristalsis
Chemical - gastric juice, pancreatic enzymes, bile, electrolyte enzymes
Forms of excretion (x4)
Via the intestines and faeces
urine
skin
lungs
5 parts of digestive tract
Mouth
pharynx
Oesophagus
Stomach
Small and large intestines
5 Digestive accessory organs
Salivary glands
Pancreas
Liver
Gall bladder
Biliary tract
What is the digestive system
30ft tube from mouth to anus
Function to nourish the body
Support cellular proccesses
Which enzyme do you find in the mouth and what does it break down?
Amylase
Starch
How does salivary amylase break down starch
It breaks down polysaccharides into smaller sugar chains
Optimal pH for salivary amylase
6.8
What type of sugars can the small intestine absorb?
Only single sugars
What impacts the pH of the saliva
Acidity in the body caused by
refined sugars
meat
dairy
processed foods
chewing gum
cigarettes
coffee
alcohol
stress
sedentary
heavy
dental amalgams
How does the bolus enter the stomach
Through the lower oesophageal sphincter
What stimulates the release of gastrin?
Food stretching the stomach
What is gastrin
A hormone released when the stomach stretches stimulating enteric nerves
