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Y2 Neurology > Y4 Stroke > Flashcards

Y4 Stroke Flashcards

1
Q

state some cardiac causes of strokes?

A 
AF: 4.5% /yr
􏰀 External cardioversion: 1-3%
􏰀 Prosthetic valves
􏰀 Acute MI: esp. large anterior
􏰀 Paradoxical systemic emboli
􏰀 Cardiac surgery
􏰀 Valve vegetations
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2
Q

what procedure can be offered for carotid artery stenos ?

A

Endarterectomy beneficial if ≥ 70% symptomatic

stenosis

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3
Q

what three conditions could cause hyper viscosity of the blood?

A

Polycythaemia 􏰀
SCD (sickle cell)
􏰀 Myeloma

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4
Q

what molecule in the blood can be measured following a stroke to determine risk of blood clots ?

A

Hyperhomocystinaemia

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5
Q

what medical treatment can be used for strokes?

A

thrombolysis

aspirin 300mg

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6
Q

what secondary prevention can be used for strokes?

A

Clopidogrel 75mg OD
statin after 48hrs
warfarin

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7
Q

what score is used for AF risk of requiring anticoagulation?

A

CHADS2 score

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8
Q

what is the score system for pneumonia ?

A

CURB65

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9
Q

what rehabilitation can be offered to stroke patients ? MENDS

A

MDT: physio, SALT, dietician, OT, specialist nurses,
neurologist, family

􏰀 Eating
􏰁 Screen swallowing: refer to specialist
􏰂 NG/PEG if unable to take oral nutrition 􏰁 Screen for malnutrition (MUST tool)
􏰂 Supplements if necessary

􏰀 Neurorehab: physio and speech therapy
􏰁 Botulinum can help spasticity

􏰀 DVT Prophylaxis

􏰀 Sores

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10
Q

state some DD for TIAs?

A

Vascular: CVA, migraine, GCA
􏰀 Epilepsy
􏰀 Hyperventilation
􏰀 Hypoglycaemia

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11
Q

what investigations should be done for TIA?

A 
Bloods: FBC, U&E, ESR glucose, lipids
􏰀 CXR
􏰀 ECG
􏰀 Echo
􏰀 Carotid doppler ± angiography
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12
Q

what score system is used to determine risk of stroke after TIA?

A

ABCD2

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13
Q

state the ABCD2 system

A
  1. Age≥60
  2. BP ≥ 140/90
  3. Clinical features
    a. Unilateral weakness (2 points)
    b. Speech disturbance w/o weakness
  4. Duration
    a. ≥ 1h (2 points)
    b. 10-59min
  5. DM
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14
Q

what is the maximum score of ABCD2?

A

7

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15
Q

how long can TIA patients not drive for?

A

1month

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Y2 Neurology (52 decks)

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