Rehabilitation Flashcards
What is an impairment ?
problems in body function or structure such as a significant deviation or loss
what is a disability ?
difficulties an individual may have in executing activities in the range considered normal for people of the same age, sex and culture
what is a handicap ?
a disadvantage for a given individual that limits the fulfilment of a role that would otherwise be normal for that individual
what is rehabilitation ?
the restoration of patients to their fullest physical, mental and social capability
what is conceptual ?
A process of active change by which a person who has become disabled acquires the knowledge and skills needed for optimal physical, psychological and social function.
what is service definition?
The use of all means to minimise the impact of disabling conditions and to assist people with activity limitation to achieve their desired level of autonomy and participation in society
what is the definition of a long term neurological condition?
Disease of, injury or damage to the nervous system which will affect the individual and their family in one way or another for the rest of their life
give three examples of sudden onset long term neurological conditions?
acquired brain injury
spinal cord injury
stroke
give two examples of unpredictable long term neurological conditions?
epilepsy
early MS
give three examples of progressive long term neurological conditions?
motor neuron disease
parkinsons disease
later stages of MS
give three examples of stable long term neurological condition?
Post-polio syndrome
Cerebral palsy in adults
Spina bifida in adolescence/adults
give some symptoms of long term neurological conditions
weakness loss of sensation increased/decreased tone visual disturbance loss of hearing/smell/taste swallowing problems bladder/bowel problems seizures epilepsy
give some examples of cognitive problems a patient may have after a brain injury?
post-traumatic amnesia confusion memory problems slowed thinking poor concentration poor "executive functioning"
give some examples of psychiatric problems a patient may have after a brain injury?
depression anxiety personality changes irritability behavioural changes - aggression
what are the “smart” goals ?
Specific Measurable Achievable Relevant Time limited
state the stages of rehabilitation ?
make a list of problems set goals identify potential barriers formulate a plan involve the MDT involve patient and family
what can be assessed the extent of the patients disability ?
mobility activities of daily living mood and cognition bladder and bowel problems communication and swallowing skin, vision, hearing
state some people involved in the MDT working to rehabilitate a patient ?
physiotherapist OT speech and language therapist nurses dietician doctors neuropsychologist social worker
is spasticity velocity dependant ?
yes
what is spasticity ?
intermittent or sustained involuntary activation of muscles
state some complications of spasticity ?
poor sitting and lying positions sleep difficulty dressing and hygiene issues pain associated communication and feeding problems pressure sores poor self image and relationship issues
state some options of management of spasticity ?
physical therapy
exclude exacerbating factors
oral antispasticty agents
focal treatment of botulinum toxin
where does rehabilitation occur ?
acute hospital rehabilitation ward outpatient centre patients home community facilities
what are some benefits of rehabilitation ?
greater
- independence
- chance of returning home
- comfort and dignity
- QOL
- chance of returning to work
reduced
- need for care
what does ABI stand for ?
acquired brain injury
give some examples of ABIs?
haemorrhage head injury infective hypoxic metabolic
what GCS suggests a severe head injury?
3-8
what GCS suggests a moderate head injury?
9-12
what GCS suggests a mild head injury?
13-15
what awesome secondary complications of head injuries ?
pressure sores chest infections aspiration malnutrition constipation DVT depression musculoskeletal pain
state some secondary social complications of brain injuries ?
social complications
- relationship and family breakdown
- childcare issues
- unemployment
- social isolation
benefits of rehabilitation
reduce disability
earlier discharge
