Y4 Dyskinesias

Question 1

what are the four types of tremor?

Answer 1

resting
action
intention
dystonic

Question 2

what is the main cause of a resting tremor?

Answer 2

parkinsons

Question 3

what is the slowest tremor ?

Answer 3

resting

Question 4

what is the fastest tremor ?

Answer 4

intention

Question 5

what is the main cause of an intention tremor?

Answer 5

cerebellar damage

Question 6

what is the main cause of an dystonic tremor?

Answer 6

mostly idiopathic

Question 7

what makes a benign essential tremor worse?

Answer 7

anxiety, emotion, caffeine

Question 8

what is the inheritance of benign essential tremor ?

Answer 8

Autosomal dominant

Question 9

what is myoclonus ?

Answer 9

Sudden, involuntary jerks

Question 10

state some causes of myoclonus?

Answer 10

Metabolic = Asterixis (L, R, ↑CO2)
􏰀 Neurodegenerative diseases (LSDs)
􏰀 CJD
􏰀 Myoclonic epilepsies

Question 11

what is dystonia?

Answer 11

Prolonged muscle contracture

Question 12

what is torticollis ?

Answer 12

abnormal, asymmetrical head or neck position which may be due to shortening of the SCM muscle

Question 13

what three drugs can cause dystonias?

Answer 13

Neuroleptics
􏰁 Metoclopramide 􏰁
L-DOPA

Question 14

what is chorea ?

Answer 14

Non-rhythmic, purposeless, jerky, flitting movements

Question 15

state some causes of chorea?

Answer 15

Huntington’s 􏰁 Sydenham’s 􏰁 Wilson’s

􏰁 L-DOPA

Question 16

what is athetosis ?

Answer 16

Slow, sinuous, writhing movements

Question 17

what is akathisia ?

Answer 17

unpleasant sense of inner restlessness ± repetitive movements (e.g. pacing)

Question 18

what medication causes tardice syndrome ?

Answer 18

Dopamine agonists

Question 19

what is the treatment for akathisia?

Answer 19

B blocker