Wrist Joint

Question 1

The wrist joint

also known as the _____ joint

is a ____ joint in the upper limb, marking the area of transition between the _____ and the ____

Answer 1

radiocarpal

synovial

forearm and the hand.

Question 2

Articulating Surfaces of wrist joint

The wrist joint is formed by:

Distally – The (proximal or distal ?) row of the carpal bones (except the ____).

Proximally – The distal end of the ____, and the _______

Answer 2

Proximal

pisiform

radius

articular disk

Question 3

The ulna is part of the wrist joint

T/F

Answer 3

T

Question 4

Ulna articulates with the ___, just proximal to the wrist joint, at the______ joint.

Answer 4

radius

distal radioulnar

Question 5

Ulna is prevented from articulating with the carpal bones by a ________, called the _______, which lies over the (superior or Inferior?) surface of the ulna.

Answer 5

fibrocartilaginous ligament

articular disk
Superior

Question 6

the carpal bones form a (concave or convex?) surface, which articulates with the (concave or convex?) surface of the _____ and _____

Answer 6

Convex

Concave

radius and articular disk.

Question 7

Joint Capsule of the wrist

Like any synovial joint, the capsule is ____ layered.

Answer 7

dual

Question 8

Joint Capsule of the wrist

The (fibrous or serous?) outer layer attaches to the __,____ and the ___ row of the carpal bones.

The internal layer is comprised of a ____, secreting ____ which lubricates the joint.

Answer 8

fibrous

radius, ulna

proximal

synovial membrane

synovial fluid

Question 9

Ligaments

Palmar radiocarpal –

• Found on the palmar side of the hand.
• It passes from the ____ to _____.
• Its function, apart from ______, is to ensure that the _______________

Answer 9

radius

both rows of carpal bone

increasing stability

hand follows the forearm during supination.

Question 10

Dorsal radiocarpal ligament-

• Found on the dorsum (posterior) side of the hand.
• It passes from the ____ to _______.
• It contributes to the ____ of the wrist, but also ensures that the hand follows the forearm during _____.

Answer 10

radius

both rows of carpal bones

stability

pronation

Question 11

Ulnar collateral ligament

–Runs from the ______ to the ____ and ___
-It acts to _______ of the hand.

Answer 11

ulnar styloid process

triquetrum and pisiform.

prevent excessive radial (lateral) deviation

Question 12

Radial collateral

• Runs from the______ to the _____ and ____.
• It acts to _____ of the hand.

Answer 12

radial styloid process

scaphoid and trapezium

prevent excessive ulnar (medial) deviation

Question 13

Neurovascular Supply

The wrist joint receives blood from branches of the _____ and ______ arches, which are derived from the ____ and ____arteries

Answer 13

dorsal and palmar carpal

ulnar and radial

Question 14

Innervation to the wrist is delivered by branches of three nerves:

____ nerve – _____ interosseous branch.
_____ nerve – ____ interosseous branch.
___nerve –____ and ___ branches.

Answer 14

Median; Anterior

Radial; Posterior

Ulnar; deep and dorsal

Question 15

The wrist is an _____ (____) type synovial joint, allowing for movement along ___ axes.

This means that ___,___,___,____ can all occur at the wrist joint.

Answer 15

ellipsoidal; condyloid

two

flexion, extension, adduction and abduction

Question 16

Movements of the wrist

Flexion – Produced mainly by the ___,_____, with assistance from the ________

Answer 16

flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis

flexor digitorum superficialis.

Question 17

Movements of the wrist

Extension – Produced mainly by the _____ and _____, and _________, with assistance from the _________.

Answer 17

extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

extensor carpi ulnaris

extensor digitorum

Question 18

Movements of the wrist

Adduction – Produced by the _______ and _____

Abduction – Produced by the ________,_______, _________ and _____

Answer 18

extensor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi ulnaris

abductor pollicis longus, flexor carpi radialis, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis.

Question 19

The _____ bone of the hand is the most commonly fractured carpal bone – typically by ______

Answer 19

scaphoid

falling on an oustretched hand

Question 20

In a fracture of the scaphoid, the characteristic clinical feature is pain and tenderness in the _______

Answer 20

anatomical snuffbox.

Question 21

The scaphoid is at particular risk of avascular necrosis after fracture because of its so-called ‘__________’ which enters at its (proximal or distal?) end.

This means that a fracture to the middle (or ‘waist’) of the scaphoid may ____ the blood supply to the (proximal or distal?) part of the scaphoid bone rendering it ______.

Answer 21

retrograde blood supply

Distal

interrupt

Proximal

avascular

Question 22

Patients with a missed scaphoid fracture are likely to develop _______ of the wrist in later life

Answer 22

osteoarthritis

Question 23

Anterior Dislocation of the Lunate

This can occur by ______________.
-The lunate is forced (anteriorly or Posteriorly?) and compresses the ______, causing the symptoms of ______

This manifests clinically as _____ in the sensory distribution of the ____ nerve and weakness of ____ muscles.

Answer 23

falling on a dorsiflexed wrist

Anteriorly

carpal tunnel

carpal tunnel syndrome.

paraesthesia; median

thenar

Question 24

In Anterior Dislocation of the Lunate

The lunate can also undergo avascular necrosis
T/F

Answer 24

T

Question 25

The ____ fracture is the most common fracture involving the wrist, caused by ______

Answer 25

Colles’

falling onto an outstretched hand.

Question 26

In colles’ fracture

The ___ fractures, with the distal fragment being displaced (anteriorly or posteriorly?) .

The ______ process can also be damaged, and is _____ in the majority of cases.

This clinical condition produces what is known as the ‘__________’.

Answer 26

radius

posteriorly

ulnar styloid

avulsed

dinner fork deformity