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ANA 201 > Muscles Of The Thigh > Flashcards

Muscles Of The Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh are innervated by the

A

Femoral nerve(L2,L3,L4)

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2
Q

General Action of muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh

A

extend the leg at the knee joint.

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3
Q

List the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh

A

Pectineus
Sartorius
Quadriceps femoris
End of iliopsoas muscle

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4
Q

Origin and insertion of iliopsoas muscle

A

The psoas major originates from the lumbar vertebrae, and the iliacus originates from the iliac fossa of the pelvis. They insert together onto the lesser trochanter of the femur.

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5
Q

Action of iliopsoas

A

Flexed thigh at hip joint

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6
Q

Innervation of the Iliopsoas

A

Iliacus-femoral nerve

Psoas- ventral rami of L11-L3

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7
Q

Longest muscle in the body?

A

Sartorius

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8
Q

List the muscles that make up the quadriceps femoris

A

Rectus femoris

Vastus lateralis,medialis,intermedius

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9
Q

Which muscle forms the main bulk of the thigh

A

Quadriceps femoris

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10
Q

Insertion of quadriceps femoris

A

Into the patella through the quadriceps tendon

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11
Q

Patella attaches to tibia through the —-

A

Patellar ligament

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12
Q

Origin of vastus lateralis

A

Greater trochanter and lateral lip of Linea aspera

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13
Q

Action of vastus lateralis

A

Extends knee joint, stabilizes patella

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14
Q

Origin of vastus intermedius

A

Anterior and lateral surfaces of the femur

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15
Q

Action of Vastus Intermedius

A

Extends the knee joint and stabilises the patella.

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16
Q

Origin of Vastus Medialis

A

The intertrochanteric line and medial lip of the linea aspera

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17
Q

Actions of Vastus Medialis

A

Extends the knee joint and stabilises the patella

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18
Q

Origin of Rectus Femoris

A

Originates from the anterior inferior iliac spine and the area of the ilium immediately superior to the acetabulum.

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19
Q

Insertion of rectus femoris

A

Patella through quadriceps tendon

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20
Q

Action of rectus femoris

A

It flexes the thigh at the hip joint, and extends at the knee joint.

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21
Q

Sartorius runs ——- down the thigh

A

Inferomedially

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22
Q

Most superficial muscle of the anterior thigh

A

Sartorius

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23
Q

Origin of Sartorius

A

Originates from the anterior superior iliac spine

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24
Q

Insertion of sartorius

A

attaches to the superior, medial surface of the tibia.

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25
Q

Actions of sartorius

A

At the hip joint, it is a flexor, abductor and lateral rotator. At the knee joint, it is also a flexor.

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26
Q

Which muscle forms part of the base of the femoral triangle

A

Pectineus

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27
Q

INNERVATION of the pectineus muscle

A

Femoral nerve. May also receive a branch from the obturator nerve.

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28
Q

Actions of the pectineus muscle

A

Adduction and flexion at the hip joint.

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29
Q

Origin of pectineus muscle

A

It originates from the pectineal line on the anterior surface of the pelvis,

30
Q

Insertion of pectineus muscle

A

attaches to the pectineal line on the posterior side of the femur, just inferior to the lesser trochanter.

31
Q

Which muscle can be used to test the femoral nerve in cases of suspected nerve palsy?

A

Quadriceps femoris

32
Q

The muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh are collectively known as the ______.

A

hamstrings

33
Q

Hamstrings consist of the ____,____, and ______

As group, these muscles act to ____ at the hip, and ___ at the knee. They are innervated by the ____ nerve (_____).

A

biceps femoris, semitendinosus and semimembranosus

extend

flex

sciatic; L4-S3

34
Q

the biceps femoris muscle has two heads – a ___ head and a ___ head.

A

long

short

35
Q

Biceps femoris is the most (medial or lateral?) of the muscles in the posterior thigh – the _____ of the two heads can be felt (medially or laterally?) at the posterior knee.

A

Lateral

common tendon; laterally

36
Q

Attachments of the biceps femoris

The long head originates from the ____ of the _____.

The short head originates from the _____ on (anterior or posterior?) surface of the ____.

Together, the heads form a tendon, which inserts into the ___ of the _____

A

ischial tuberosity

pelvis

linea aspera ; posterior; femur

head of the fibula.

37
Q

Actions of biceps femoris :

Main action is ____ at the knee.

It also ____ the thigh at the hip, and _____ at the hip and knee.

A

flexion

extends

laterally rotates

38
Q

Innervation of biceps femoris

Long head innervated by the ___ part of the sciatic nerve

the short head is innervated by the ____ part of the sciatic nerve.

A

tibial

common fibular

39
Q

Semitendinosus

lies (medially or laterally ?) to the biceps

A

Medially

40
Q

The semitendinosus is a largely tendinous muscle.

T/F

A

T

41
Q

Semitendinosus , semimembranosus

Which covers the majority of which ?

A

Semitendinosus covers the majority of the semimembranosus.

42
Q

Semitendinosus

Attachments:

It originates from the _____ of the ___

attaches to the (medial or lateral ?) surface of the ____.

A

ischial tuberosity; pelvis

medial

tibia

43
Q

Actions of semitendinosus

_____ of the leg at the knee joint.

____ of thigh at the hip.

(Medially or laterally ?) rotates the thigh at the hip joint and the leg at the knee joint.

A

Flexion

Extension

Medially

44
Q

INNERVATION of semitendinosus

_____ part of the sciatic nerve.

A

Tibial

45
Q

Semimembranosus

is located (underneath or above?) the semitendinosus.

A

Underneath

46
Q

Semimembranosus

Attachments:

It originates from the ______, but does so more (superiorly or inferiorly?) than the semitendinosus and biceps femoris.

It attaches to the ______

A

ischial tuberosity

superiorly

medial tibial condyle.

47
Q

Semimembranosus

Actions:

____ of the leg at the knee joint.

_______ of thigh at the hip.

____ally rotates the thigh at the hip joint and the leg at the knee joint.

A

Flexion

Extension

Medi

48
Q

Semimembranosus

Innervation: ____ part of the sciatic nerve.

A

Tibial

49
Q

In an avulsion fracture of the ischial tuberosity, the hamstring tendons ‘__’ a piece of the ischial tuberosity. Such an injury usually occurs in sports that require _____ and ____ of the muscles – such as sprinting, football and hurdling.

A

tear off

rapid contraction and relaxation

50
Q

The _______ is the largest muscle in the medial compartment of the thigh .

It lies (anteriorly or posteriorly?) to the other muscles.

Functionally, the muscle can be divided into two parts; the _____ part, and the ____ part.

A

adductor magnus

posteriorly

adductor

hamstring

51
Q

Attachments of adductor brevis

Adductor part – Originates from the ____ of the ___ and the ___ of ____, attaching to the ___ of the _____

A

inferior rami of the pubis

rami of ischium

linea aspera of the femur.

52
Q

Attachments of adductor brevis

Hamstring part – Originates from the ____ and attaches to the _____ and _____ of the ____

A

ischial tuberosity

adductor tubercle

medial supracondylar line of the femur.

53
Q

Attachments of adductor brevis

Actions:
They both ____ the thigh.

The adductor component also ___ the thigh

the hamstring portion ____ the thigh.

A

adduct

flexes

extending

54
Q

Attachments of adductor brevis

Innervation:

Adductor part is innervated by the ____ nerve (L2-L4)

the hamstring part is innervated by the ____ component of the ____ nerve (L4-S3).

A

obturator

tibial; L2-4

sciatic(L4,S3)

55
Q

Adductor Longus

The adductor longus is a (small or large?), flat muscle.

A

Large

56
Q

The adductor longus totally covers the adductor brevis and magnus.

T/F

A

F

It partially covers the adductor brevis and magnus.

57
Q

Adductor longus forms the _____ border of the femoral triangle.

A

medial

58
Q

Adductor longus

Attachments: Originates from the ___, and expands into a ____ shape, attaching broadly to the ____ of the _____

Actions: Adduction of the thigh.
Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2-L4).

A

pubis

fan

linea aspera; femur

59
Q

Adductor longus

Actions: _____ of the thigh.

Innervation: _____ nerve (L2-L4).

A

Adduction

Obturator

60
Q

Adductor Brevis

It lies in between the _____ and ____ divisions of the ____ nerve.

Attachments: Originates from the body of pubis and inferior pubic rami. It attaches to the linea aspera on the posterior surface of the femur, proximal to the adductor longus.
Actions: Adduction of the thigh.
Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2-L4).

A

obturator

anterior and posterior

61
Q

Adductor brevis can be used as an anatomical landmark to identify the obturator branches.

T/F

A

T

62
Q

Adductor Brevis

Attachments: Originates from the ____ of ____ and _____.

It attaches to the ______ on the posterior surface of the femur, (proximal or distal?) to the adductor longus.

A

body of pubis and inferior pubic rami

linea aspera

Proximal

63
Q

Adductor brevis

Actions: _____ of the thigh.

Innervation:____ nerve (___-___).

A

Adduction

Obturator

L2-L4

64
Q

Obturator Externus

This is one of the smaller muscles of the medial thigh, and it is located most ____.

A

superiorly

65
Q

Obturator Externus

Attachments: It originates from the ____ of the ______, and adjacent bone. It passes (under or above?) the neck of femur, attaching to the (anterior or posterior?) aspect of the _____

A

membrane

obturator foramen

Under

Posterior

greater trochanter.

66
Q

Obturator Externus

Actions:_____ and ______ of the thigh.

Innervation: _____ nerve (L2-L4)

A

Adduction and lateral rotation

Obturator

67
Q

Gracilis

The gracilis is the most _____ and ____ of the muscles in this compartment.

A

superficial and medial

68
Q

Gracilis crosses at only the hip joints

T/F

A

F

It crosses at both the hip and knee joints.

69
Q

Gracilis is sometimes transplanted into the ___ or ____ to _____________

A

hand or forearm

replace a damaged muscle.

70
Q

Gracilis

Attachments: It originates from the ____ of the _____ and ____ of the _____

Descending almost (vertically or horizontally ?) down the leg, it attaches to the ___ surface of the _____, between the tendons of the ____ (anteriorly) and the _____ (posteriorly).

A

inferior rami of the pubis, and the body of the pubis.

Vertically

medial; tibia

sartorius; semitendinosus

71
Q

Gracilis

Actions: _____ of the thigh at the hip, and ____ of the leg at the knee.

Innervation: _____ nerve (L2-L4).

A

Adduction

flexion

Obturator

72
Q

Strain of the adductor muscles is the underlying cause of what is colloquially known as a ‘_______.

The (proximal or distal?) part of the muscle is most commonly affected, tearing near their bony attachments in the pelvis.

A

groin strain‘

Proximal

ANA 201 (34 decks)

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