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ANA 201 > Embryology Of Heart > Flashcards

Embryology Of Heart Flashcards

1
Q

_____ is the 1st major system to develop

A

CVS

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2
Q

during the ____ week, a primordial uteroplacental circulation develops

A

3rd

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3
Q

____ week –angioblastic cords appear

Canalization of cords form ___________

2 tubes fuse to form ____ heart – _______ week

Heart beat begins –day __-___

A

3rd

endocardiac heart tubes

tubular; late 3rd

22-23

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4
Q

The endothelial heart tubes fuse to form a single _______ with a cranial (____) end and a caudal ( ______ ) end.

A

primitive heart tube

arterial

venous

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5
Q

As heart tube fuses, Surrounding mesenchyme ______ to form
•___cardium
•___cardium

➢ The two layers are separated by __________

A

thickens

Myo

Epi

cardiac jelly

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6
Q

__________ becomes endocardium

A

Endothelial tube

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7
Q

The primitive heart tube ______ and develops alternate ______ and _____ giving rise to an ___-shaped heart- the __-chambered heart

A

elongates

dilatations and constrictions

S

5

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8
Q 
the 5-chambered heart                    
•1- \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_   
•2-\_\_\_\_\_\_\_              
•3-\_\_\_\_\_\_\_   
•4-\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_              
•5-\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

truncus arteriosus.

bulbus cordis.

primitive ventricle.

primitive atrium.

sinus venosus.

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9
Q

The truncus arteriosus is continuous (cranially or causally?) with the _____, from which the _________ arise.

A

Cranially

aortic sac

pharyngeal arch arteries

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10
Q

The sinus venosus is continous (cranially or caudally?) and receives the

  • ______ vein from the ____
  • ______ vein from the ______
  • ________ vein from the ____
A

Caudally

Umbilical; chorion

Vitelline; umbilical vesicle

Common cardinal; embryo

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11
Q

Bulboventricular loop

Because the ____ and ____ grow faster than other regions, the heart ___ upon itself, forming a ___-shaped bulboventricular loop.

As the primordial heart bends, the atrium and sinus venosus come to lie (ventral or dorsal?) to the TA, bulbus cordis, and ventricle

A

bulbus cordis

ventricle

bends

U

Dorsal

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12
Q

Partitioning of AV canal
•The junction between the ____ and _____ forms the AV canal
•Towards the end of 4th week, masses of tissue (_______) form on the _____ and ____ walls of the AV canal
•During the 5th week, the cushions _______ and _____, Partitioning the canal into ___ and _____

A

primitive atrium and ventricle

endocardial cushions

dorsal and ventral

approach each other and fuse

rt and lf AV canals

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13
Q

Partitioning of Primordial Atrium

•By the end of the 4th week, the primordial atrium is divided into ____ and ____ by 2 septa (______ and ____)

A

rt and lf atria

Primum and Secundum

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14
Q

Partitioning of atrium

  • Septum primum- (thin or thick?) , _____ shaped membrane
  • Grows from (roof or floor?) of _____ towards ________
  • Leaves gap at its (upper or lower?) end- _____
  • Atrium partially divided into Rt. & Lt. chambers & gap acts as a ____.
  • As ostium primum becomes smaller, _____ appears at _____ part of the septum – ______
  • Concurrently free edge of septum primum fuses with (right or left?) side of _____
A

Thin; cresentic

Roof; primordial atrium

fusing endocardiac heart cushion

Lower; ostium primum

shunt
Perforations; central

ostium secundum

Left

fused endocard. Cushion.

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15
Q

Septum secundum- A ____-shape, muscular membrane grow (upwards or downwards?) from ventrocranial (roof or floor?) of _____

To the (left or right?) side of _________

  • ____week – overlaps foramen _____
  • Forms incomplete partitioning- _____
A

cresentic

Downwards

Roof; rt atrium

Right; septum primum

5-6th

secundum

foramen ovale

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16
Q

Fate of Cranial portion of septum primum ???

Fate of Caudal part of septum primum becomes a ___ like valve of _____

A

It disappears

flap

foramen ovale

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17
Q

Foramen ovale

  • Before birth allow __________ of blood
  • Due to increase in ______ pressures at birth there is ______ of the foramen ovale

•Complete partitioning of the ____

A

right to left shunt

left atria

closure

atria

18
Q

Changes in the Sinus venosus
•(decease or Increase?) in left horn of sinus venosus
•(decease or Increase?) right horn of sinus venosus
•Left horn becomes ______
•Right horn becomes ___________

A

Decrease

Increase

coronary sinus

incorporated into the wall of right atrium

19
Q

______ horn of sinus venosus becomes the smooth wall of right atrium

Rough part of right atrium is derived from _______, both region separated by the ________ (externally) & _______(internally)

A

Right

primitive atrium

sulcus terminalis

crista terminalis

20
Q

Left atrium
•Mostly smooth – derived from incorporation of the ___________

•Left auricle is derived from _______

A

primordial pulmonary vein.

primordial atrium

21
Q

Atrial septal defects- 4 types

  • ________ type
  • _______ with _____ defect
  • _______ type
  • _______ type
A

ostium secondum

Endocrdiac cushion; ostium primum

Sinus venosus

Common atrium

22
Q

Partitioning of Primordial Ventricle

•First seen as a _______ growing from the (roof or floor?) of the ventricle near its apex- ______________

A

muscular median ridge

floor

Interventricular septum (IV)

23
Q

The IV septum grows by (dilation or constriction?) of the _____ and by active proliferation of ____ in the septum

Till the ___ week, there is a _____-shaped IV foramen btw the free edge of the septum and the fused endo. cushions

A

Dilation; ventricles

myoblasts

7th; crescent

24
Q

The IV foramen permits communication btw _______

A

the 2 ventricles

25
Q

The IV foramen usually closes by the ________ week when the ________ fuse with the _____

Closure of IV foramen is from 3 sources: list them!!!!!

A

end of the 7th

bulbar ridges; endocardial cushion.

Right & left bulbar ridges, endocardiac cushion

26
Q

Membranous interventricular septum-

•Extension of tissue from ___. Side of endocardiac cushion to muscular part of interventricular septum

A

Rt

27
Q

After closure of IV foramen-

•Pulmonary trunk now communicates with ___ ventricle, while aorta communicates with ___ ventricle

A

right

left

28
Q

_______ of ______ gives rise to trabeculae carnae, papillary muscles, chordae tendinae

A

Cavitation of ventricles

29
Q

Partitioning of bulbus cordis & truncus arteriosus

  • ____ week –active proliferation of mesenchyme- ___ ridges in bulbus cordis & ____ ridges in Truncus arteriosus
  • Undergoes ___o spiraling forming a spiral __________ septum
A

5th

bulbar

Truncal

180

aorticopulmonary

30
Q

The aorticopulmonary septum divides the BC and TA into 2 (arterial or venous?) channels- _____ and ____

Because of the spiralling of the AP septum, the ___ twists around the ______

A

arterial

ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk

pulmonary trunk

ascending aorta

31
Q

Fate of Bulbus cordis ?????

It is _________ into ____ of _____

  • Right side becomes- _______ or ____
  • Left side – ______ of ______
A

incorporated into wall of definitive ventricles

conus arteriosus or infundibulum

vestibule of the aorta

32
Q

_____– most common type of coronary heart defects

A

VSDs

33
Q

Ventricular septal defects

•Occur more frequently in ____ gender

A

males

34
Q

small VSDs may close spontaneously

T/F

A

T

35
Q

large VSDs allow _______

A

shunting of blood from lf-rt

36
Q

Muscular VSDs- May appear anywhere in the _____ part of the IV septum

A

muscular

37
Q

multiple small ventricular septal defects- _______ VSD

Absence of the IV septum = ________

A

Swiss cheese

single ventricle

38
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot

•Abnormality resulting from _______ within the _________ region

  • Displacement of the septum produces 4 cardiovascular alterations;
  • __________
  • _________
  • An _________
  • __________
A

unequal division within the conutruncal region

Pulmonary stenosis

Large VSD

overriding aorta

Rt ventricular hypertrophy

39
Q

PERSISTENT TRUNCUS ARTERIOSUS
•Results when ___________

•Hence no division of _____

  • Pulmonary artery arises some distance (above or below ?) the origin of the ________
  • VSD
  • Undivided tuncus overrides _______
A

conutruncal ridges fail to form

outflow tract

Above

undivided truncus

both ventricles

40
Q

Transposition of great vessels

  • Occurs when _______ fails to ______________
  • Hence, Aorta originates from ______ and pulmonary artery from ______
A

conotruncal septum

follow its normal spiral course

rt ventricle

left ventricle

ANA 201 (34 decks)

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