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ANA 201 > The Breast > Flashcards

The Breast Flashcards

1
Q

Mammary gland

  • Lies on the ——-muscle
  • all mammals have it
  • are modified——-
  • usually——- in shape
  • base extends from rib__-___
  • nipple is at the level of the———
A

pectoralis major

sweat glands

conical

2; 6

4th intercostal spaces

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2
Q

Capsule of mammary gland is thin

T/F

A

F. has no capsule

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3
Q

OF mammary gland

  • axillary tail is at the——- portion
  • _/3 lies on——-
  • _/3 lies on—— and——- muscles
  • nipples carry—— lactiferous ducts
  • lobules lead to—— which lead to——- due to dilation then——- then nipple
A

superolateral

2; pec major

1; serratus anterior; ext oblique

15-20

lact ducts; lac sinus; duct again

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4
Q

nipple and areola usually contain only a little amount of fat
T/F

A

F. nipple and areola usually lack fat

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5
Q

_____ligaments connect the skin of the mammary gland to———
-Montgomery tubercles is to produce——-
-Retromandibular space
Allows the breast to——— and also Acts as a———

A

copper’s

deep fascia of pec major

sebum

glide on the anterior breast wall.

lubricant

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6
Q 
ARTERIAL SUPPLY
Just 3
1)branches of ———artery 
2)branches of———- artery 
3)branches of ——-artery(think of the\_\_\_\_ branch, its \_\_\_\_branches. Ehen now those ——-branches have lateral mammary branches!!!)
A

Internal thoracic

lateral thoracic

intercostal

post intercostal; lateral cutaneous ; lateral perforating

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7
Q

VENOUS SUPPLY of the breast

  • circular venous plexus are found at the———
  • veins from this plexus drain into the——— vein and the——- vein and—— to ——-veins
A

base of the nipple

axillary; internal thoracic

2nd; 4th intercostal

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8
Q

List the 5 major LYMPH NODES OF THE BREAST and their location

A

1) Apical nodes: located subclavian
2) lateral nodes:at the humerus
3) posterior nodes:post wall of axilla and along the subscapular vessels
4) anterior nodes :pectoralis minor
5) central nodes: central axillary

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9
Q

AXILLARY LYMPH NODES

APICAL/——-GROUP

PECTORAL/———GROUP

———-/LATERAL GROUP

POSTERIOR/———GROUP

CENTRAL GROUP

A

SUBCLAVICULAR

ANTERIOR

HUMERAL

SUBSCAPULAR

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10
Q

Posterior, lateral, and anterior lymph nodes of the axilla drain to —- then ——

Central axilla node drains to ———

A

Central then apical

Apical

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11
Q

LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE of breast
-Lymph from the nipple, areolar, lobules, e.t.c all drain to the——-
-From here,__% of the lymph drains to the——- node then to the other axillary nodes(these drain into the______ trunks)
The rest drains to the—— nodes/——-nodes(these drain into the——- trunk)
Some that don’t drain to above 2 , drain into the——- nodes or the——— lymph nodes.

A

subareolar lymphatic plexus

75; pectoral axillary; subclavian lymphatic

parasternal; internal thoracic ; bronchomediastinal

inframammary; intercoastal

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12
Q

60% of carcinoma in breast occurs in the———-

A

upper lateral quadrant

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13
Q

in case of cancer of one breast, the other breast and it’s axillary nodes are also affected because of———

A

the anastomoses between the lymphatics

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14
Q

lact ducts are situated——- so any incision on the breast should be done——-

A

radially

radially

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15
Q

infection of cooper’s ligament by cancer leads to its____ giving it a——- appearance

A

shortening

peau d’orange

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16
Q

lymphadema: when some lymph nodes are removed or damaged by cancer, it can lead to———- and cause———- leading to——- in the arm and other areas

A

some of the lymph vessels being blocked

build up of lymph fluid

swelling

17
Q

lymphatics from Breast can transmit to ovarian surface

T/F

A

T

18
Q

lymphandenpathy:either due to——- of nodes or——- of nodes

A

wrong alignment

swelling

19
Q

____and____ maintain the mammillary ridge

A

Dog

goat

20
Q

Poly thelia-persistent multiple____

Poly mastia- persistent multiple——

A

nipple

breast

21
Q

They are present in both males and females

T/F

A

T

22
Q

Boobs are more prominent in—— following——-.

A

females

puberty

23
Q

the mammary glands –

A major or an accessory gland

A

Accessory gland

24
Q

The breast extends horizontally from the——— of the——- to the———

A

lateral border

sternum

mid-axillary line.

25
Q

the nipple is composed mostly of—— muscle fibres. Surrounding the nipple is a pigmented area of skin termed the——-. There are numerous——- glands within the____ and these enlarge during——-, secreting an oily substance that acts as a——— for the nipple.

A

smooth

areolae

sebaceous; areolae; pregnancy; protective lubricant

26
Q

———Separates the secretory lobules of the breast.

A

Suspensory ligament of cooper

27
Q

The base of the breast lies on the—— fascia .It acts as an attachment point for the———-.

A

pectoral

suspensory ligaments

28
Q

the retromammary space: is a layer of ———between the breast and———-

It is a potential space, often used in———- surgery.

A

loose connective tissue

pectoral fascia

reconstructive plastic

29
Q

There are three groups of lymph nodes that receive lymph from breast tissue – the axillary nodes (___%), parasternal nodes (___%) and posterior intercostal nodes (___%).

A

75

20

5

30
Q

The breast is innervated by the—— and ——-branches of the——th to—-th ——— nerves.

A

anterior; lateral cutaneous

4th;6th

intercostal

31
Q

production and secretion of milk are regulated by the intercoastal nerves
T/F

A

F

32
Q

production and secretion of milk is regulated by the hormones——- and ——-, which are secreted from the——- gland.

A

prolactin; oxytocin; pituitary

33
Q

most common type of cancer to be diagnosed within the UK is ——-

A

Breast cancer

34
Q

——- cancer has the highest death rate from cancer

——- cancer has the second highest death rate from cancer

A

Lung cancer

Breast cancer

35
Q

Breast cancer is more common in which gender

A

more common in women than men.

36
Q

To assess a suspected breast cancer a triple assessment is carried out. This involves clinical examination, imaging using a——- and——- and finally a——-.

A

mammogram

ultrasound scan

biopsy

37
Q

The staging of breast cancer uses the——- system or the——-system.

A

I-IV

Tumour Node Metastasis (TNM

ANA 201 (34 decks)

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