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ANA 201 > Axilla > Flashcards

Axilla Flashcards

1
Q

Axilla

A _______ shaped space

Located inferior to _____ joint and superior to the ____ fascia at the junction of the ____ and _____

A

pyramidal

shoulder

axillary

arm and thorax

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2
Q

Shape and size of axilla varies with position of arm

T/F

A

T

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3
Q

Axilla is a Channel for neurovascular structures to reach_______ from ____

It has An ____, a ____ and ____

A

upper limbs

neck

apex

Base

4 walls

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4
Q

APEX OF AXILLA

-Is the ________ canal
•Passageway between _____ and ____
•Lies btw ___ rib, _____ and superior edge of ______

A

cervico-axillary

neck and axilla

1st

clavicle

scapular

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5
Q

BASE OF AXILLA

Formed by ____, _____ tissue and ____ fascia

Extends from _____ to ______( ~____ rib)

•The base is bounded by the anterior and posterior ______, the thoracic wall and the (medial or lateral?) aspect of the arm

A

skin; subcutaneous; axillary

arm to thoracic wall; 4th

axillary folds; medial

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6
Q

______ of the axilla Forms the axillary fossa

A

Base of the axilla

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7
Q

Axillary fossa

Aka

______

A

armpit

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8
Q

ANTERIOR WALL OF AXILLA

Formed by _____ and _____ muscle and associated ______ and ____ fasciae

The anterior axillary fold is the (Superior or inferior?)most part of the anterior wall

It is formed by the _______ muscle and overlying ____

A

pectoralis major, minor

pectoral and clavicopectoral

Inferior

pectoralis major
skin

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9
Q

POSTERIOR WALL OF AXILLA

Formed mainly by _______ and _______ and inferiorly by _____ and _____

•The ______ axillary fold is the inferiormost part of the posterior axillary wall

A

scapula and subscapularis

teres major and latissimus dorsi

posterior

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10
Q

Posterior axillary fold is Formed by ______,________ and overlying skin

A

latissimus dorsi, teres major,

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11
Q

MEDIAL WALL OF AXILLA

Formed by the ___-____ ribs and associated ______ muscles, and the overlying ________ muscle

A

1st to 4th

intercostal

serratus anterior

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12
Q

LATERAL WALL

Formed by ______________ in the humerus

A

intertubercular groove

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13
Q

CONTENTS OF THE AXILLA

______ and branches
________ and tributaries
______

A

Axillary artery

Axillary vein

Lymphatic

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14
Q

THE AXILLARY ARTERY

Begins at (medial or lateral?) border of ______ as continuation of _____ artery

Passes posterior to ——— muscle into arm

Terminates at (superior or inferior?) border of \_\_\_\_\_
•Here it becomes the \_\_\_\_\_\_
A

Lateral

1st rib

subclavian

pectoralis minor

Inferior ; teres major

brachial artery

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15
Q

The axillary artery is divided into 3 parts by ______

A

pectoralis minor

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16
Q

THE 3 PARTS OF THE AXILLARY ARTERY

1st part (1 branch)
•Btw  \_\_\_\_ border of \_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_ border of  \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

→________ artery

A

lateral

1st rib

medial

pectoralis minor

superior thoracic

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17
Q

THE 3 PARTS OF THE AXILLARY ARTERY

2nd part (2 branches)
•Posterior to the \_\_\_\_\_\_

→______ and _____ arteries

A

pectoralis minor

thoracoacromial and lateral thoracic

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18
Q

THE 3 PARTS OF THE AXILLARY ARTERY

3rd part (3 branches)
•\_\_\_\_\_ border of \_\_\_\_\_\_ to \_\_\_\_ border of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_

→________,______, and ______ arteries

A

Lateral

pectoralis minor

inferior

teres major

subscapular, anterior and posterior circumflex humeral

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19
Q

THE SUPERIOR THORACIC ARTERY

-(Small or big?) vessel
-Arises from ___ part of axillary artery just (above or below?) the _____
•Supplies

______
Muscles in the _____ and ____ spaces
________
Overlying _____ muscles

A

Small

first

Below

Subclavius

subclavius

1st and 2nd intercostal

Serratus anterior

pectoral

20
Q

THE THORACOACROMIAL ARTERY

  • (Short or long?) (wide or narrow?) trunk
  • ___ branch of ___ part of axillary artery deep to pectoralis minor
  • Pierces _____ membrane and divides into 4 branches (superficial or deep?) to _____ head of _______
A

Short

Wide

1st; 2nd

costocoracoid

Deep; clavicular

pectoralis major

21
Q

The thoracoacromial artery

4 Branches:

  1. ____ artery
  2. ____ artery
  3. _____ artery
  4. ____ artery
A

Acromial

Deltoid

Pectoral

Clavicular

22
Q

THE LATERAL THORACIC ARTERY

Static origin

T/F

A

F

Variable

23
Q

The lateral thoracic artery

Usually arises as ____ branch of ____ part of axillary artery
•Descends along ______ border of pectoralis minor
•May arise from ______,_____,______ arteries
•Supplies:

_______ muscles
_____
_________ muscle
______ lymph nodes
______ aspect of breast

A

2nd

2nd

lateral

thoracoacromial, suprascapular and subscapular

Pectoral
Serratus anterior 
Intercoastal
Axillary
Lateral
24
Q

THE SUBSCAPULAR ARTERY

  • Arise from ____ part
  • Descends along _____ border of _____ on posterior axillary wall
  • Divides into ______ and ______ arteries
  • Supplies:
  • _______
  • ______
  • _______
A

3rd

lateral

subscapularis

circumflex scapular & thoracodorsal

Subscapularis
Teres major
Latissimus dorsi

25
Q

Largest branch of axillary artery is ????

A

Subscapular artery

26
Q

Larger branch of subscapular artery is ????

A

Circumflex scapular artery

27
Q

THE CIRCUMFLEX SCAPULAR

  • Curves (anteriorly or posteriorly?) around axillary border of scapular
  • Passing posteriorly between _______ and _______ muscles
  • Supplies muscles on _____ of scapula
A

posteriorly

subscapularis and teres major

dorsum

28
Q

THE THORACODORSAL ARTERY

•Continues to the ____ angle of the scapula

  • Supply:
  • Adjacent muscles: principally _______
A

inferior

latissimus dorsi

29
Q

THE CIRCUMFLEX HUMERAL ARTERIES

  • Arise from ____ part
  • Opposite _____ artery
  • Pass around the ____ neck of humerus to anastomose with _____
A

3rd

subscapular

surgical

each other

30
Q

THE ANTERIOR CIRCUMFLEX HUMERAL ARTERY

  • (Smaller or larger?) of the 2 circumflex arteries
  • Passes (medially or laterally?) (superficial or deep?) to ______ and _____
  • Gives off ascending branch that supplies shoulder
A

Smaller

Laterally

Deep

coracobrachialis and biceps brachii

31
Q

THE POSTERIOR CIRCUMFLEX HUMERAL ARTERY

•Passes (medially or laterally?) through (anterior or posterior?) wall of axilla via the ______ space accompanied by _____ nerve

Supplies:
______ joint and surrounding muscles e.g. ____,_____,______, and ______

A

Medially

posterior

quadrangular

axillary

Shoulder

deltoid, teres major and minor and long head of triceps

32
Q

Axillary vein

Is formed at the (inferior or superior?) border of the ____ muscle
•By the union of the _____ vein and the ______ veins
•It lies on the (medial or lateral?) aspect of the axillary artery

A

Inferior

teres major

basilic; brachial

medial

33
Q

When the arm is abducted fully, the axillary vein lies (anterior or posterior?) and (superior or inferior?) to the axillary artery

A

Anterior

Superior

34
Q

At the lateral border of the 1st rib, the axillary vein becomes the ———— vein

A

subclavian

35
Q

AXILLARY LYMPH NODES

Arranged in 5 groups:

  1. _____ group
  2. ______/_____group
  3. ____/______ group
  4. _____/______ group
  5. ______ group
A

Apical

Pectoral/Anterior

Subscapular/Posterior

Humeral/Lateral

Central

36
Q

APICAL GROUP

  • Present at ____
  • lie along (medial or lateral ?) side of axillary vein and ____ part of axillary artery

Receives lymph from ________ lymph nodes + lymphatics accompanying ______ vein

A

apex

Medial

first

all other gps of axillary

proximal cephalic

37
Q

Efferent vessels from the apical group of nodes unite to form the ______________

A

subclavian lymphatic trunk

38
Q

The subclavian lymphatic trunk on the right side may join the ________ to form the _____ duct OR, It may enter the _______ independently

the subclavian lymphatic trunk on the left side commonly joins the _______

A

bronchomediastinal trunks

right lymphatic

right venous angle

thoracic duct

39
Q

PECTORAL/ANTERIOR GROUP

  • Made up of __to__ lymph nodes
  • Lie along the (medial or lateral?) wall of axilla around the ______ vein and the (superior or inferior?) border of ________
  • Receives lymph mainly from _______ and _____
  • Efferent lymphatic vessels pass to the _____ and ______ gps
A

3 to 5

Medial

lateral thoracic

Inferior

pectoralis minor

anterior thoracic wall + breast

central and apical

40
Q

SUBSCAPULAR/POSTERIOR GROUP

  • Consists of __ or __
  • Lie along the _____ axillary fold and _____ blood vessels
  • Receives lymph from the (anterior or posterior?) aspect of the thoracic wall and scapular region
  • Efferent lymphatic vessels pass to the ______ and _____ gps
A

6 or 7

posterior; subscapular

Posterior

central and apical

41
Q

HUMERAL/LATERAL GROUP

  • Comprises of ___ to ____ lymph nodes
  • Lie along _____ wall of axilla, (medial or lateral?) and (anterior or posterior?) to axillary vein

•Receives almost all the lymph from ___ except lymph carried by lymphatic vessels accompanying the _____

A

4 to 6

lateral

Medial; Posterior

upper limb

cephalic vein

42
Q

CENTRAL GROUP

  • Consists of ___ to ___ lymph nodes
  • Situated deep to the ______ muscle near the ___ of the axilla
  • Receives lymph from the _____,_____, and _____ gp of axillary lymph nodes
  • Efferent vessels from the central gp pass to the _____ group of lymph nodes
A

3 to 4

pectoralis minor

base

pectoral, subscapular and humeral

apical

43
Q

SCAPULAR ANASTOMOSIS

The extreme mobility of the shoulder joint may result in kinking of the axillary artery and a temporary occlusion of its lumen
•To compensate for this, an important arterial anastomosis exists between the branches of the ______ artery and the ____ artery
•Ensuring that an adequate blood flow takes place into the upper limb irrespective of the position of the arm

A

subclavian

axillary

44
Q

VESSELS INVOLVED IN SCAPULAR ANASTOMOSIS

Subclavian artery
•__________ artery
•__________ artery

  • Axillary artery
  • ________ artery
A

Dorsal scapular

Suprascapular

subscapular

45
Q

Which parts of the axillary vein are sheathed and which parts aren’t

A

2nd and 3rd sheathless

1st part, sheathed

ANA 201 (34 decks)

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