Cubital Fossa Flashcards
The cubital (anticubital) fossa is a _____-shaped (elevation or depression?) over the (anterior or posterior?) aspect of the ____ joint.
It represents an area of transition between the anatomical ___ and the ____ , and conveys several important structures between these two areas.
triangular
Depression
anterior
elbow
arm; forearm
The cubital fossa is ____ in shape and consists of ____ borders, a ___, and a ____
triangular
three
roof
floor
BOUNDARIES of the cubital fossa
Base: _____ joining the _____ of ____
Laterally : _____ border of _____
Medially: _____ border of _____
Apex: where _____ and _____ overlap
imaginary line ; 2 epiondyles ; humerus
medial; brachioradialis
lateral; pronator teres
brachioradialis and pronator teres
Roof of cubital fossa:
Skin, _____ fascia, ____ fascia, ______
superficial; deep
bicipital aponeurosis
Floor of cubital fossa:
______ medially, _____ laterally
brachialis
supinator
CONTENTS
- _____ nerve
- ______ nerve
- _____ artery (start or end?)
- (start or end ?) of ___ and ____ arteries
- tendon of ____
radial
median
brachial; end
Start ; radial and ulnar
biceps brachii
Radial nerve – travels along the _____ border of the cubital fossa and divides into ____ and ___ branches.
lateral
superficial and deep
Radial nerve has a purely sensory function in the posterior forearm and hand.
T/F
F
Both motor and sensory
Biceps tendon – passes (laterally or medially?) through the cubital fossa and attaches to the ______
It gives rise to the bicipital aponeurosis which contributes to the ____ of the cubital fossa.
centrally
radial tuberosity
roof
radial tuberosity is immediately distal to the radial ____
neck
Brachial artery – bifurcates into the ___ and ____ arteries at the ____ of the cubital fossa.
radial and ulnar
apex
The brachial pulse can be felt in the cubital fossa by palpating (medial or lateral?) to the _____
Medial
biceps tendon
Median nerve – travels (medially or laterally?) through the cubital fossa, exiting by passing between the two heads of the _____.
Medially
pronator teres
Median nerve has a motor and sensory function in the anterior forearm and hand.
T/F
T
The roof of the cubital fossa also contains several (superficial or deep?) veins.
Notably, the ____ vein, which connects the ____ and _____ veins and can be accessed easily – a common site for ____.
Superficial
median cubital
basilic and cephalic
venepuncture
Mnemonic for contents of the cubital fossa – ___ (radial nerve) ___ (biceps tendon) ____ (brachial artery) ____ (median nerve).
Really Need
Beer To
Be At
My Nicest
A supracondylar fracture is a fracture of the (proximal or distal?) ——- .
The fracture is typically ____ or ____, and the most common mechanism of injury is ________.
It is more common in ____ than _____
distal
humerus
transverse or oblique
falling on an outstretched hand
children than adults.
In a Supracondylar fracture, the contents of the cubital fossa can be damaged – either directly, or by soft tissue swelling following the trauma. Damage to the brachial artery, if not repaired, can cause _______ contracture as the forearm ____ muscles become _____ and ____
Volkmann’s ischaemic
flexor
fibrotic and short.
Volkmann’s ischaemic contracture refers to uncontrolled ____ of the ___
flexion
hand
In a Supracondylar fracture There also can be damage to the (anterior or posterior?) ______ nerve (branch of the ____ nerve), ____ nerve or ____ nerve.
Anterior ; interosseous; median
ulnar; radial
The anterior interosseous nerve can be tested by asking the patient to make an ‘___’ sign, testing for weakness of ______
OK
flexor pollicis longus.
The Gartland classification is used for these fractures:
Type 1 is _____
Type 2 is _____ but with an _____
Type 3 is _____
Type __ can usually be managed conservatively with an above _____ , whereas types ___ and ____ typically require ___ fixation with (crossed or uncrossed?) ,_____ (-)-wires.
minimally displaced
displaced; intact posterior cortex
completely off-ended.
1
elbow cast
2 and 3
surgical
Crossed
bi-cortical
k
The contents of the cubital fossa (lateral to medial):
List them
radial nerve, biceps tendon, brachial artery, median nerve.
Roof of cubital fossa is formed by (from superficial to deep):
Skin
Superficial fascia containing :______,_____,_____,____,____
Deep fascia strengthened by ____
median cubital vein,cephalic, basilic, medial and lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm
bicipital aponeurosis
Median nerve leaves the cubital fossa by passing between the ___________
2 heads of pronator teres
Brachial artery terminates in the cubical fossa at the level of the ______
Neck of radius
The radial artery is (superficial or deep?) and leaves the fossa at the apex
Superficial
The ulnar artery is (superficial or deep?) and passes deep to ______
Deep
Pronator teres
In the cubital fosssa
Radial nerve lies in the gap between _____ muscle Medially and ____ muscle laterally
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
At the level of _____ the radial nerve divides into ———- and —— branches
Lateral epicondyle
Superficial and deep
The superficial radial nerve passes downward under the cover of ______ muscle
The deep radial nerve disappears into the substance of the _____ muscle
Brachioradialis
Supinator
Arm cutaneous INNERVATION
(a) Upper medial part of the arm is supplied by the ____ nerve (__) derived from ____ nerve .
b) Lower medial part of the arm is supplied by the ______ nerve of the arm (____) from medial cord of the brachial plexus.
c) Upper lateral half of the arm is supplied by the ______ nerve of the arm from ____ nerve.
d) Lower lateral half of the arm is supplied by the ______ nerve of the arm (____) from ____ nerve.
e) Posterior aspect of the arm is supplied by the ______ nerve of the arm (C5) from ____ nerve.
intercostobrachial; T2; 2nd intercostal
medial cutaneous ; T1, T2
upper lateral cutaneous ; axillary
lower lateral cutaneous ; C5, C6; radial
posterior cutaneous ; radial
Medial side of the forearm is supplied by the _____ nerve of the forearm (C8, T1) from the medial cord of the brachial plexus. It becomes cutaneous halfway down the arm along the _____ vein.
medial cutaneous
basilic
Lateral side of the forearm is supplied by the ______ nerve of the forearm (C5, C6) from ____ nerve from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus.
lateral cutaneous
musculocutaneous
Posterior side of the forearm is supplied by the _____- nerve of the forearm (C6, C7, C8) from ____ nerve
posterior cutaneous
radial
