World History - TEST 5 (Ch 13-15) short answer

Question 1

this Roman church court was established to investigate matters of alleged heresy

Answer 1

Inquisition

Question 2

he invented the movable-type printing press

Answer 2

Johann Gutenberg

Question 3

name of the statements by Martin Luther that began the Protestant Reformation

Answer 3

Ninety-five Theses

Question 4

this movement was a response to the Protestant Reformation

Answer 4

Counter-Reformation

Question 5

this nation was formed from ancient Gaul

Answer 5

France

Question 6

this “lady king” of Denmark ruled from Finland to Greenland

Answer 6

Margrete

Question 7

this nation led the way in the great age of exploration

Answer 7

Portugal

Question 8

the English author perhaps the greatest writer the world has ever known

Answer 8

William Shakespeare

Question 9

she led the French during the Hundred Years’ War and known as the “Maid of Orleans”

Answer 9

Joan of Arc

Question 10

William the Silent led this country in its independence of Spain

Answer 10

the Netherlands

Question 11

the line of kings the Henry II of England began

Answer 11

Plantagenet

Question 12

Mary Tudor’s nickname because of her persecution of English Protestants

Answer 12

“Bloody Mary”

Question 13

he attacked and raided Spanish ships for England

Answer 13

Sir Francis Drake

Question 14

this was a civil war in Germany and the Holy Roman Empire over politics and religion

Answer 14

Thirty Years’ War

Question 15

for almost 300 years, the Holy Roman Emperors were the Hapsburg family of this country

Answer 15

Austria

Question 16

this nation is known for the continuous policy of national neutrality

Answer 16

Switzerland

Question 17

he called the first meeting of Parliament in 1265

Answer 17

Simon de Montfort

Question 18

this “Peace..,” gave official approval for territorial, state-established churches in Germany

Answer 18

Peace of Augsburg

Question 19

when Henry Tudor won the Wars of the Roses, it brought victory to this family

Answer 19

Lancaster

Question 20

the nation that won the Hundred Years’ War

Answer 20

France

Question 21

this king dissolved Parliament in 1629, beginning the “Eleven Years’ Tyranny”

Answer 21

Charles I

Question 22

they fought the English Civil War for divine right of kings

Answer 22

the Cavaliers

Question 23

Essay: tell how the Roman church responded to Martin Luther’s reforms

Answer 23

1. declared Luther a heretic
2. ordered his books burned
3. excommunicated Luther from the church

Question 24

Essay: explain at least three reforms Luther brought to the Roman church

Answer 24

1. translated the New Testament into German
2. promoted education for all people
3. changed the church service