Biology - Test 5 (short answer)

Question 1

formation of new organisms within a kind is called…

Answer 1

speciation

Question 2

science put to practical use =

Answer 2

technology

Question 3

the belief that the universe is the result of a supernatural act of God is…

Answer 3

creation

Question 4

three features of human embryos that supposedly provide evidence for evolution are the pharyngeal arches, “tail”, and “_______.”

Answer 4

yolk sac

Question 5

the mutation hypothesis states that evolution occurs through a combination of mutations and…

Answer 5

natural selection

Question 6

the study of similarities and differences in organisms’ body structures is called…

Answer 6

comparative anatomy

Question 7

the idea that, at various stages during their development, embryos resemble the adult forms of their evolutionary ancestors is embryonic _________.

Answer 7

recapitulation

Question 8

this idea states that a type of organism that survives better than another type will become predominant

Answer 8

natural selection

Question 9

this diagram shows the presumed evolutionary relationships between all living and extinct organisms

Answer 9

tree of life

Question 10

he proposed the idea that evolution occurs through natural selection

Answer 10

Darwin

Question 11

this term is for the old Greek idea that says living things come from nonliving things

Answer 11

spontaneous generation

Question 12

this idea says that evolution occurs in rapid bursts separated by long periods of time

Answer 12

punctuated equilibrium

Question 13

this term refers to the idea of studying science (the origins of the universe and of life) based on faith in God as Creator

Answer 13

Creation science

Question 14

this term refers to a sudden, permanent, random change in an organism’s DNA

Answer 14

mutation

Question 15

the belief that evolution occurs slowly =

Answer 15

gradualism

Question 16

Eohippus is a supposed evolutionary ancestor of the modern (hippopotamus/horse)

Answer 16

horse

Question 17

the idea that information must have meaning and cannot occur by chance is called _________ complexity

Answer 17

specified

Question 18

an intermediate organism linking humans to apes is considered by evolutionists to be a _________ form

Answer 18

transitional

Question 19

a basic similarity of structure between two different living things, like the similar forelimbs of most vertebrates, is called…

Answer 19

homology

Question 20

state the law of biogenesis

Answer 20

living matter can originate only from existing living things

Question 21

describe Redi’s experiment to support the law of biogenesis

Answer 21

3 jars with meat; covered with parchment, or gauze, or uncovered. Only where the flies could land did maggots appear (the meat did not produce the maggots)

Question 22

describe Pasteur’s experiment to support the law of biogenesis

Answer 22

used boiled broth in flasks (one with a curved neck). only if the dust could get to the broth did the bacteria grow. It did not come from the broth, but from bacteria in the air.