Biology - Test 5 (short answer) Flashcards
formation of new organisms within a kind is called…
speciation
science put to practical use =
technology
the belief that the universe is the result of a supernatural act of God is…
creation
three features of human embryos that supposedly provide evidence for evolution are the pharyngeal arches, “tail”, and “_______.”
yolk sac
the mutation hypothesis states that evolution occurs through a combination of mutations and…
natural selection
the study of similarities and differences in organisms’ body structures is called…
comparative anatomy
the idea that, at various stages during their development, embryos resemble the adult forms of their evolutionary ancestors is embryonic _________.
recapitulation
this idea states that a type of organism that survives better than another type will become predominant
natural selection
this diagram shows the presumed evolutionary relationships between all living and extinct organisms
tree of life
he proposed the idea that evolution occurs through natural selection
Darwin
this term is for the old Greek idea that says living things come from nonliving things
spontaneous generation
this idea says that evolution occurs in rapid bursts separated by long periods of time
punctuated equilibrium
this term refers to the idea of studying science (the origins of the universe and of life) based on faith in God as Creator
Creation science
this term refers to a sudden, permanent, random change in an organism’s DNA
mutation
the belief that evolution occurs slowly =
gradualism
Eohippus is a supposed evolutionary ancestor of the modern (hippopotamus/horse)
horse
the idea that information must have meaning and cannot occur by chance is called _________ complexity
specified
an intermediate organism linking humans to apes is considered by evolutionists to be a _________ form
transitional
a basic similarity of structure between two different living things, like the similar forelimbs of most vertebrates, is called…
homology
state the law of biogenesis
living matter can originate only from existing living things
describe Redi’s experiment to support the law of biogenesis
3 jars with meat; covered with parchment, or gauze, or uncovered. Only where the flies could land did maggots appear (the meat did not produce the maggots)
describe Pasteur’s experiment to support the law of biogenesis
used boiled broth in flasks (one with a curved neck). only if the dust could get to the broth did the bacteria grow. It did not come from the broth, but from bacteria in the air.
