Biology - Chapter 8 Test (short answer)

Question 1

name of a sawfish’s long and unusual nose

Answer 1

rostrum

Question 2

name for a fish’s hard, movable gill cover

Answer 2

operculum

Question 3

the type of medicine given to counteract snake’s venom

Answer 3

antivenin

Question 4

name of a shark’s tooth-like placoid scales

Answer 4

denticles

Question 5

the longest-living animal

Answer 5

tortoise

Question 6

the common family of venomous snakes which have immovable fangs

Answer 6

elapids

Question 7

the largest living lizard

Answer 7

Komodo dragon

Question 8

name of a fish’s W-shaped bands of skeletal muscle

Answer 8

myomeres

Question 9

North American elapids known for distinctive color pattern of red bands bordering yellow bands

Answer 9

coral snake

Question 10

the light-producing organ of a fish

Answer 10

photophore

Question 11

the larvae of frogs and toads

Answer 11

tadpoles

Question 12

Chondricthyes and Cyclostomata are to classes of these fish

Answer 12

cartilaginous

Question 13

this can mean to “grow back”, as in a lizard’s tail that breaks off

Answer 13

regenerate

Question 14

a word that means has “four legs”

Answer 14

tetrapod

Question 15

shark eggs are laid inside a protective case called this

Answer 15

mermaid’s purse

Question 16

type of snake locomotion when it supports its body at several points while moving the rest of its body to the side

Answer 16

sidewinding movement

Question 17

type of venom that affects the circulatory system and causes red blood cells to burst

Answer 17

hemotoxic

Question 18

the gas-filled organ in bony fish that allows them to stay suspended in water

Answer 18

swim bladder

Question 19

electric organs in some fish that are designed with current-generating cells called this

Answer 19

electrocytes

Question 20

sperm-containing fluid released by a male fish

Answer 20

milt

Question 21

this shark comes to the surface to gulp air, using its stomach as a swim bladder

Answer 21

sand tiger shark

Question 22

the type of fin that is made of a bone surrounded by muscle

Answer 22

lobed

Question 23

turtle shells have this lower part that covers the abdomen

Answer 23

plastron

Question 24

common freshwater turtles that live in muddy waters

Answer 24

snapping turtles

Question 25

to consume the large meals that snakes catch, they are given a set of ______-hinged jaws

Answer 25

double

Question 26

largest snake in the world

Answer 26

anaconda

Question 27

type of movement in which a snake slithers along an S-shaped curve

Answer 27

lateral undulation

Question 28

ESSAY: Describe all major events in the tadpole’s metamorphosis into a froglet

Answer 28

• the eggs will hatch into tadpoles, which have external gills
• a gill covering will form; the tail will become longer and stronger
• the hind legs will begin to grow, and the tail will begin to shrink
• later, the front legs will begin to grow
• the digestive system of the tadpolse will shrink, and lungs will develop
• once the tail is completely absorbed, the tadpole will be a miniature adult called a froglet