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WlwG Old > WlwG Thorax excl Adult Lung > Flashcards

WlwG Thorax excl Adult Lung Flashcards

1
Q

Low FEV/FVC dx

A

COPD

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2
Q

Equal FEV/FVC dx

A

Asthma/Heart failure

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3
Q

High FEV/FVC dx

A

Interstitial disease

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4
Q

Tracheal conditions: Narrow trachea, no calcs, no thickening, prev intubation

A

TracheoBronchoMalacia

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5
Q

Tracheal conditions: Narrow trachea, no calcs, thickening anteriorly

A

Relapsing polychondritis

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6
Q

Tracheal conditions: Narrow trachea, no calcs, thickening including posterior membrane

A

Wegeners

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7
Q

Tracheal conditions: Narrow trachea, Calcs, no thickening, prev COPD

A

Saber-sheath

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8
Q

Tracheal conditions: Narrow trachea, Calcs, Thickening

A

TracheoBronchopathia OsteochondroPlastica (TBO)

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9
Q

Tracheal conditions: Dilated trachea

A

Mounier-Kuhn

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10
Q

Difference between Bronchiectasis vs Follicular Bronchiolitis vs Bronchiolitis Obliterans vs Pan-bronchiolitis vs Chronic Bronchitis?

A

Bronchiectasis: Irreversible DILATATION & THICKENING of bronchi with recurrent pneumonia

Follicular Bronchiolitis: RA & Sjogren. DILATED bronchi with GGO.

Constrictive Bronchiolitis/Bronchiolitis Obliterans: Toxins/rejected lung transplant. NARROW bronchi with air trapping

Pan-bronchiolitis: Haemophilus/Pseudomonas. Tree-in-bud nodules.

Chronic bronchitis (excessive mucous/cough) with emphysema (distal air space enlargement), over-inflation with flattening of diaphragm in COPD.

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11
Q

Measurements in pulmonary arterial HTN?

A

Systolic pulmonary artery pressure >30mmHg

Mean pulmonary artery pressure >35mmHg

Pulmonary artery >29mm

Pulmonary artery size > aorta

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12
Q

Difference between acute vs chronic vs massive PE, incomplete vs complete PE

A

Acute = Central clot, venous dilation, pleural effusion

Chronic = Peripheral clot, shrunken veins, pulmonary HTN

Incomplete = no tissue necrosis, healing within days

Complete = tissue necrosis, healing by scar formation

Massive = PE with hypotension

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13
Q

Findings in Pulmonary Veno-occlusive Disease (PVOD)?

A

PVODS = PAH, Vessel enlargement, Oedema, Dilated heart, Septal thickening

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14
Q

Pleural masses: large solitary well-defined lobulated pleural mass dx

A

Solitary fibrous tumour

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15
Q

Pleural masses: Pleural thickening, pleural effusion, calcs

A

Mesothelioma (from asbestosis)

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16
Q

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Enlarged thymus after chemo/RT/steroids

A

Thymic rebound hyperplasia

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17
Q

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Has fat and calcs

A

Teratoma

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18
Q

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Lobular and mild enhancing, hx of myasthenia gravis or aplastic anaemia

A

Thymoma (thymus adenoma)

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19
Q

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Looks like fatty beef

A

Thymolipoma

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20
Q

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Hypoattenuating with well defined margin

A

Thymic cyst

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21
Q

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Multiple LN, no organ involvement

A

Hodgkins Lymphoma (B-cell lymphoma)

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22
Q

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Multiple LN, other organs involved

A

Non-hodgkins Lymphoma

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23
Q

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Big lobulated mass with testicle atrophy

A

Seminoma

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24
Q

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Elevated AFP/bHCG/LDH

A

Non-Seminomatous Germ cell (ChorioCa/Yolk sac tumour)

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25
Q

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Elevated ACTH

A

Carcinoid

26
Q

Middle Mediastinal Mass: Thin wall cyst

A

Bronchogenic duplication cyst

27
Q

Middle Mediastinal Mass: Painless, asymptomatic LN

A

Castleman’s (“CASTLE” = Calcs, ASymptomatic Thoracic LN, Enhancing with washout)

28
Q

Middle Mediastinal Mass: Mass with calcs, SVCO, right heart dilation

A

Fibrosing Mediastinitis/Sclerosing Mediastinitis

29
Q

Middle Mediastinal Mass: Heterogeneous enhancing ++, MIBG/I-131 positive

A

Paraganglioma

30
Q

Posterior Mediastinal Mass: Child

A

NeuroBlastoma

31
Q

Posterior Mediastinal Mass: Round in teen/young adult

A

GanglioNeuroma

32
Q

Posterior Mediastinal Mass: Para-spinal

A

Schwannoma

33
Q

Posterior Mediastinal Mass: Neural foramen involved

A

NeuroFibroma

34
Q

Posterior Mediastinal Mass: Cystic with scoliosis or spina bifida

A

NeuroEnteric cyst (foregut duplication)

35
Q

Posterior Mediastinal Mass: Bone trabeculation

A

Extra-medullary haematopoiesis

36
Q

Posterior Mediastinal Mass: Vertebral end-plate destruction

A

TB paraspinal abscess

37
Q

Paed lung lucencies: Tram-tracking

A

Asthma

38
Q

Paed lung lucencies: Segmental hyper-expanded lung

A

Bronchial atresia

39
Q

Paed lung lucencies: Multiple cysts +/- mediastinal shift

A

CPAM

40
Q

Paed lung lucencies: Band-like lucencies with hyper-expanded lung, 1 month after RDS

A

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (“Road -> Eat new/pneumo pie -> Check BP”)

(Compare PIE = Lucencies with pneumos 1 week after RDS)

41
Q

Paed lung lucencies: Hyper-expanded lung, previous opacities, +/- mediastinal shift

A

Congenital Lobar Emphysema (CHLOE = Child with Hyper-expanded Lucent lung after Opacification)

42
Q

Paed lung lucencies: Expiratory air-trapping

A

Foreign body

43
Q

Paed lung lucencies: Linear lucencies with PTX/pneumomediastinum/pneumopericardium, 1 week after RDS

A

Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema (“Road -> Eat new/pneumo pie -> Check BP”)

(Compare BPD = hyper-expanded lung 1 month after RDS)

44
Q

Paed lung lucencies: Unilateral hyper-lucent lung, previous flu

A

Swyer-James (Young Soya James, thus soya-sauce lung)

45
Q

Paed lung lucencies: Left lower lobe lucency

A

Diaphragmatic hernia (Anterior Morgagni, Posterior Bochdalek)

46
Q

Paed lung opacities: Unilateral and round

A

Round pneumonia

47
Q

Paed lung opacities: Patchy with effusion

A

GBS

48
Q

Paed lung opacities: Bilateral small lungs with granular opacities in premature

A

RDS (aka Hyaline Membrane disease/HMD aka Surfactant Deficient Disease/SDD)

49
Q

Paed lung opacities: Bilateral in C-section

A

Transient Tachypnoea of Newborn (TTN)

50
Q

Paed lung opacities: Asymmetric bilateral in term baby

A

Meconium aspiration

51
Q

Paed lung opacities: Bilateral with complicated pregnancy

A

Pulmonary hypoplasia

52
Q

Paed lung opacities: Bronchial thickening in upper lobe

A

Cystic fibrosis

53
Q

Paed lung opacities: Bronchial thickening in lower lobe

A

Primary ciliary dyskinesia

54
Q

Paed lung opacities: Bronchial thickening in lower lobe with situs inversus

A

Kartageners

55
Q

Paed lung opacities: Wedge-shaped opacity in left lower lobe and types

A

Pulmonary sequestration (ie scarring).
Newborn with heart disease = extra-lobar.
Older child wtih recurrent infn = intra-lobar

56
Q

Paed lung opacities: Erosion of ribs

A

Askin sarcoma

57
Q

Paed lung opacities: Rib infarct

A

Sickle cell

58
Q

Paed lung opacities: Cancer with no bone erosion

A

Pleuro-pulmonary blastoma (between pleura and lungs so no bone involvement)

59
Q

Paed lung opacities: Slow growing mass, no LN

A

Plasma cell granuloma (“PCG = PG Cancer = Mass in child”)

60
Q

Mediastinum: Difference between Mediastinal mass vs pulmonary mass

A

Mediastinal masses: Centered at mediastinum, no air bronchograms, moves with swallowing.

61
Q

Trachea: Smoker cancer type and upper/lower trachea?

A

SCC, lower trachea

62
Q

Trachea: Non-smoker cancer type and upper/lower trachea?

A

Adenoid cystic, upper trachea

WlwG Old (22 decks)

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