WlwG Cardio Flashcards
Congenital heart: Wet, cyanotic causes
Fusions “T: TA TOGA TAP”
Truncus Arteriosus (“Artery trunk” so Aorta with PA, Mediastinum dilated)
TOGA (RV with Aorta, Upper heart dilated, egg)
TAPVC (“TAPV = RAPV”, so PV with RA instead of LA, Right heart dilated)
Congenital heart: Wet, cyanotic, mediastinum dilated
Truncus arteriosus
Congenital heart: Wet, cyanotic, upper heart dilated
TOGA
Congenital heart: Wet, cyanotic, Right heart dilated
TAPVC
Congenital heart: Wet, acyanotic, dilated aorta
PDA
Congenital heart: Wet, acyanotic, machine murmur
PDA
Congenital heart: Wet, acyanotic, whole heart dilated
ECD/AVSD
Congenital heart: Wet, acyanotic, Diastolic to left lower murmur
ECD/AVSD
Congenital heart: Wet, acyanotic, right heart dilated
ASD
Congenital heart: Wet, acyanotic, split S2 to left upper
ASD
Congenital heart: Wet, acyanotic, left heart dilated
VSD
Congenital heart: Wet, acyanotic, systolic to left lower
VSD
Congenital heart: Wet, acyanotic, causes
L2R shunt, septum “D: Defects”
PDA (Aorta dilated, machine murmur to left upper)
ECD/AVSD (“ASD + VSD” so All enlarged, Diastolic to left lower)
ASD (Right heart dilated,
split S2 to left upper)
VSD (Left heart dilated, systolic to left lower)
Congenital heart: Dry, cyanotic, right heart dilated
Ebsteins, large box heart
Congenital heart: Dry, cyanotic, all dilated except RV
Tricuspid atresia
Congenital heart: Dry, cyanotic, lower heart dilated
Tetralogy, boot heart
Congenital heart: Dry, cyanotic, causes
R2L shunt, valvE issues “E34”
Ebstein (Tricuspid defect with regurg, Right heart dilated, box)
TRIcuspid atresia (All dilated except small RV)
TETRAlogy (Lower heart dilated, boot)
Congenital heart: Dry, acyanotic, causes
Obstructions “S: Stenosis”
Coarc (Aorta dilated, 3 aorta sign)
PS (RV) AS (LV)
(Both mid-systolic to right upper)
Congenital heart: Dry, acyanotic, dilated aorta
Coarctation
Congenital heart: Dry, acyanotic, dilated right ventricle, systolic to right upper
Pulmonary stenosis
Congenital heart: Dry, acyanotic, dilated left ventricle, systolic to right upper
Aortic stenosis
Congenital heart: Associations of right aortic arch
(“TTTT”) TOF, TOGA, Tricuspid atresia, Truncus arteriosus
Congenital heart: Congestive heart failure in young - Premature
PDA
Congenital heart: Congestive heart failure in young - 1st month
Coarctation
Congenital heart: Congestive heart failure in young - 1st year
VSD
Congenital heart: Congestive heart failure in young - Child
ASD
Congenital heart: Associations with Marfans
AAA, AR, MR, MV prolapse
Congenital heart: Associations with Downs
ECD/AVSD, ASD, VSD, PDA
Congenital heart: Associations with Turners
Coarc, Bicuspid aortic valve
Congenital heart: Right arch, wet
Truncus arteriosus
Congenital heart: Right arch, dry
TOF
Congenital heart: Components of TOF
- RIGHT ventricle septal defect (weak septum moves anteriorly into ventricle) leads to
- Pulmonary stenosis leads to right heart overworking so
- Right ventricle hypertrophy which overlaps the aorta so
- Overriding aorta.
Congenital heart: Association of bicuspid aortic valve
Aortic regurg
Acquired heart: Enlargement and murmur - Mitral regurg
Left atrium/left ventricle, APTM
Acquired heart: Enlargement and murmur - Mitral stenosis
Left atrium, APTM
Acquired heart: Enlargement and murmur - Aortic stenosis
Left ventricle, APTM
Acquired heart: Enlargement and murmur - Aortic regurg
Aorta and left ventricle, Left upper (under P from APTM)
Acquired heart: Murmur location of ASD, VSD and HOCM
“APTM except ASD, AR and HOCM at pulmonary area/left upper, VSD at tricuspid area/left lower”.
Inflammation and calcification of vessels dx
Atherosclerosis
Heart tumours: T2-hyper in LA in adult
Myxoma
Heart tumours: T2-hyper in LV in child
Rhabdomyoma
Heart tumours: T2-hyper in RA in adult
AngiosaRcoma
Heart tumours: T2-hyper in ventricles in child
RhabdoMyoSarcoma
Heart tumours: Tumour in valves
Fibro-elastoma
Heart tumours: T1-hyper tumour
Lipoma
Heart tumours: T1/T2-hypo tumour
Fibroma
Heart tumours: Non-enhancing
Thrombus
Cardiomyopathy: LV thickened
HOCM and sarcoid CM
Cardiomyopathy: LV dilated after infn
Dilated CM
Cardiomyopathy: LV dilated after menopause
Takotsubo
Cardiomyopathy: LV narrow dx and cause
Restrictive CM, amyloid/sarcoid
Cardiomyopathy: Calcified pericardium dx and cause
Constrictive CM, surgery/TB/radiation
Cardiomyopathy: Right ventricle involved
Arrhythmogenic right ventricle CM
Cardiac MRI: Patchy, right wall of LV/septum
HOCM
Cardiac MRI: Patchy, left wall of LV/base
Anderson-Fabry
Cardiac MRI: Linear, right wall of LV/septum
Myocarditis
Cardiac MRI: Linear, left wall of LV/base
Sarcoid
Cardiac MRI: Territorial in to out spread
Ischaemic MI
Cardiac MRI: All involved
Amyloid (“all got”)
Ix for low pretest probability of CAD
Treadmill test
Ix for intermediate pretest probability of CAD
CTCA, cardiac CT/MRI
Ix for high pretest probability of CAD:
Cardiac MRI/MRA, if contraindicated then PET/SPECT
Ix for known CAD:
Cardiac CT/MRI
ECG lead for MI: Inferior
2, 3, AVF
ECG lead for MI: Septal/anterior
V1-4
ECG lead for MI: Lateral/posterior
1, V5, V6
Coronary artery for MI: Inferior
RCA
Coronary artery for MI: Septal/anterior
LAD
Coronary artery for MI: Lateral/posterior
LCX
Cardio: Systolic murmur examples?
Systolic murmur examples, Diastolic murmur examples = Stenosis: AP, ASD/VSD, HOCM at systolic, TM & AVSD at diastolic.
Regurg: Opposite (AP at diastolic, TM at systolic)
Cardio: Diastolic murmur examples?
Systolic murmur examples, Diastolic murmur examples = Stenosis: AP, ASD/VSD, HOCM at systolic, TM & AVSD at diastolic.
Regurg: Opposite (AP at diastolic, TM at systolic)
Cardio: Right isomerism associated with what cardiac anomalies?
Right isomerism (3 lobe lung, no spleen) = TAPVR
Left isomerism = PAPVR, ASD, VSD
Cardio: Left isomerism associated with what cardiac anomalies?
Right isomerism (3 lobe lung, no spleen) = TAPVR
Left isomerism = PAPVR, ASD, VSD