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WlwG Old > WlwG MSK Conditions (excluding fractures) > Flashcards

WlwG MSK Conditions (excluding fractures) Flashcards

1
Q

Lucent-Narrow: hyperPTH

A

Brown tumour

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2
Q

Lucent-Narrow: young limbs with fracture

A

Bone cyst

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3
Q

Lucent-Narrow: old sacrum

A

Chordoma

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4
Q

Lucent-Narrow: mandible

A

Desmoplastic fibroma (“desMAND”)

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5
Q

Lucent-Narrow: young fingers

A

Enchondroma

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6
Q

Lucent-Narrow: young skull/hips/spine

A

Eosinophilic/LCH

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7
Q

Lucent-Narrow: adult limbs/sacrum

A

GCT

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8
Q

Lucent-Narrow: old fingers

A

Glomus

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9
Q

Lucent-Narrow: adult skull/spine sun-burst appearance

A

Haemangioma

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10
Q

Mixed lucent/sclerosis/fibrous narrow: Fibrous, <20 year old (with pain/swelling)

A

Fibrous dysplasia (dysplasia, thus pain/swelling)

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11
Q

Mixed lucent/sclerosis/fibrous narrow: Fibrous, >20 year old (with pain/swelling)

A

Myxofibrous tumour

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12
Q

Mixed lucent/sclerosis/fibrous narrow: Rim sclerosis, <3cm, <20 year old (NO pain/swelling)

A

Focal cortical defect

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13
Q

Mixed lucent/sclerosis/fibrous narrow: RIm sclerosis, >3cm, >20 year old (NO pain/swelling)

A

Non-ossifying fibroma

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14
Q

Mixed lucent/sclerosis/fibrous narrow: Septated, <20 year old, fluid level/pain/lump

A

Aneurysmal bone cyst

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15
Q

Mixed lucent/sclerosis/fibrous narrow: Septated, >20 year old, mandible and tibia

A

AdaMAN-TI-noma

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16
Q

Mixed lucent/sclerosis/fibrous narrow: Pain/swelling, <2cm

A

OO

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17
Q

Mixed lucent/sclerosis/fibrous narrow: Pain/swelling, >2cm with periosteal reaction

A

OB

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18
Q

Mixed lucent/sclerosis/fibrous narrow: Pain/swelling in cartillage with scalloping

A

CB

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19
Q

Sclerotic Narrow: 3 causes?

A

Morton’s neuroma, foot metatarsals
Ossifying fibroma, mandible and legs
Bone island/enostosis

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20
Q

Wides: Child

A

Ewings

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21
Q

Wides: Adult, periosteal reaction

A

OsteoSarcoma

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22
Q

Wides: Adult, cartillage involved with scalloping

A

ChondroSarcoma

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23
Q

Wides: Adult, moth-eaten with soft tissue involvement

A

FibroSarcoma (aka fibrous histiocytoma)

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24
Q

Wides: Adult, solitary punched out, bone erosion, soft tissue dense mass in elderly

A

Plasmacytoma
(Similar to MM but solitary)

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25
Diffuse lesions: Lytic
Multiple myeloma or “Lytik = Lung, Thyroid, Kidney” mets (Lytic = MM, Sclerotic = Myelofibrosis, Mixed = Mastocytosis)
26
Diffuse lesions: Sclerotic
Myelofibrosis or Prostate/Urothelial mets (Lytic = MM, Sclerotic = Myelofibrosis, Mixed = Mastocytosis)
27
Diffuse lesions: GIT/skin involved
Mastocytosis (Lytic = MM, Sclerotic = Myelofibrosis, Mixed = Mastocytosis)
28
Diffuse lesions: Mixed lytic/sclerotic
Mastocytosis (Lytic = MM, Sclerotic = Myelofibrosis, Mixed = Mastocytosis)
29
Causes of raised: ACA
CREST sclerosis
30
Causes of raised: AMA
PBC
31
Causes of raised: ANA
SLE/Sclerosis/Sjogrens/RA
32
Causes of raised: cANCA
Wegeners
33
Causes of raised: CCP
RA
34
Causes of raised: dsDNA
SLE
35
Causes of raised: pANCA
PSC
36
Causes of raised: Ro/La
Sjogrens/Myositis
37
Causes of raised: B27
IBD/AS/Psoriatic/Reiters
38
Soft tissue masses: T1-hyper, not fat suppressed
Liposarcoma
39
Soft tissue masses: T1-hyper, fat suppressed
Lipoma
40
Soft tissue masses: T1-hypo, T2-hyper
Nodular fasciitis
41
Soft tissue masses: T1-hypo, T2-hypo, painless
Fibroma
42
Soft tissue masses: T2-hyper, aggressive
Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma aka Pleomorphic Sarcoma
43
Soft tissue masses: T2-hyper, US-hypo cystic in wrist
Ganglion cyst
44
Soft tissue masses: Posterior chest wall
ElastoFibroma
45
Soft tissue masses: Calcs from previous trauma
Myositis ossificans
46
Soft tissue masses: Recurrent bleed from haemophilia
Haemophilic pseudotumour
47
Joint disease: Causes of symmetric degeneration
OA (“LOSS” = Loss of joint space + subchondral sclerosis + subchondral cysts + osteophytes).
48
Joint disease: Causes of asymmetric degeneration (painless, joint effusion, normal inflm markers) - Foot/ankle
DM Charcot joint
49
Joint disease: Causes of asymmetric degeneration (painless, joint effusion, normal inflm markers) - Knees
Syphilis Charcot joint
50
Joint disease: Causes of asymmetric degeneration (painless, joint effusion, normal inflm markers) - Upper limbs
Syringomyelia
51
Joint disease: Causes of inflammation: Only small joints, skin rash, soft tissue calcs
Dermatomyositis
52
Joint disease: Causes of inflammation: Only small joints, Finger erosions, soft tissue calcs
Systemic sclerosis
53
Joint disease: Causes of inflammation: Only small joints, face rash, deformed hands without erosions
SLE
54
Joint disease: Causes of inflammation: Small and large joints
RA, Caplan's = RA + Pneumoconiosis (“RAP”). Felty's = RA + Neutropenia + Splenomegaly (“RANS”)
55
Joint disease: Causes of inflammation: Large joints only, child
JIA
56
Joint disease: Causes of inflammation: Large joints only, adult with urethritis/conjunctivitis
Reiters
57
Joint disease: Causes of inflammation: Large joints only, Axial skeleton involved
Ank Spond
58
Joint disease: Causes of inflammation: Large joints only, hand involved
Psoriatic
59
Joint disease: Causes of inflammation: Large joints only, GIT involved
Enteropathic
60
Sacroilitis: Bilateral symmetrical causes
"Bilateral symmetrical EAR" = Enteropathic, Ank Spond, RA
61
Sacroilitis: Bilateral asymmetrical
"RPG not symmetrical" = Reiters, Psoriatic, Gout
62
Sacroilitis: Unilateral
Infection (pyogenic/TB) and cancer
63
Metabolics: Location of Gout
1st toe MTPJ erosions
64
Metabolics: Location of Amyloidosis
Shoulders/hips/knees/wrists in Dialysis
65
Metabolics: Location of Wilsons
Copper in knee/wrist/liver/basal ganglia/eyes
66
Metabolics: Location of hyper-PTH
Salt-and-pepper skull, brown tumours
67
Metabolics: Location of CPPD
Wrist (TFCC calcs) + Knee (LOSS OF PATELLO-FEMORAL joint space (compared to OA)
68
Metabolics: Location of Calcium hydroxyapatite deposition disease/Milwaukee
Supraspinatous, flexor carpi ulnaris, MCP
69
Metabolics: Location of Alkaptonuria
Chondrocalcinosis with early heart and kidney failure
70
Metabolics: Location of calcific tendinitis
Rotator cuff with subsequent resorption of calcium
71
Metabolics: Scurvy vs Osteomalacia/Ricketts signs
Osteomalacia (adults)/Rickets (children): Low Vit D/Calcium/Phosphorus, renal failure, liver disease. Generalized osteopenia with looser zones (pseudofractures), fraying/cupping of physeal margin of knees and wrists. - ILL-DEFINED Whitening, cupping and frayed appearance of physis Scurvy: Low Vit C. Generalized osteopenia with pathological fractures and HEMARTHROSIS (joint bleeding). - WELL DEFINED Dense thin white line at physis, cortical thinning
72
Signs of Pigmented Villo-Nodular Synovitis (PVNS)
Synovial inflammation/mass-like proliferation in knee with EFFUSION/BLEED, subchondrial cysts with 'feathery synovium, blooming artefact on GRE from haemosiderin (“PUNS BECKS = Bleed/blooming, Effusion, Cysts, Knee, Synovitis”)
73
Signs of SAPHO
SAPHO (Synovitis, Acne, Pustulosis, Hyperostosis, Osteitis): Hyper-ostosis (increased density) and osteitis (inflammation) of STERNOCLAV and SI joints.
74
Gaucher vs Sickle cell
Jew (Israel/America) with hepatosplenomegaly, osteopenia, pancytopenia: Gauchers Sickle cell: Blacks <5 year old = sequestration (blood pooling) causing splenomegaly, thus hypotension/cardiovascular collapse > 5 year old = Splenic infarcts with autosplenectomy thus small calcified spleen Systemic: Hepatomegaly from iron deposition Gallstones from calcium deposition Anaemia, bone infarcts, extramedullary haematopoiesis Cardiomegaly and sickle chest (consolidations) (“Gaucher = Mainly organs, Thal = Mainly bones, Sickle cell = everything”)
75
Sickle cell vs Thalassaemia
Sickle cell: Blacks <5 year old = sequestration (blood pooling) causing splenomegaly, thus hypotension/cardiovascular collapse > 5 year old = Splenic infarcts with autosplenectomy thus small calcified spleen Systemic: Hepatomegaly from iron deposition Gallstones from calcium deposition Anaemia, bone infarcts, extramedullary haematopoiesis Cardiomegaly and sickle chest (consolidations) Asian with marrow hyperplasia, bone infarcts, cardiomegaly: Thalassaemia (“Gaucher = Mainly organs, Thal = Mainly bones, Sickle cell = everything”)
76
Gauchers vs Thalassaemia
Jew (Israel/America) with hepatosplenomegaly, osteopenia, pancytopenia: Gauchers Asian with marrow hyperplasia, bone infarcts, cardiomegaly: Thalassaemia (“Gaucher = Mainly organs, Thal = Mainly bones, Sickle cell = everything”)
77
Dense bones with splenomegaly dx
Myelofibrosis
78
Cotton-wool skull with mixed lytic/sclerotic bone remodelling
Pagets
79
Signs of Graft vs Host disease, and acute vs chronic
Acute if <100 days, chronic if >100 days. Results in END-ORGAN DAMAGE (liver, ascites, pulmonary oedema, GIT wall thickening, dilation, stranding).
80
Signs of Post-Transplant Lympho-proliferative Disorder (PTLD)
Lymphoma/NHL within 1-5 years post transplant, thus lymphoma symptoms + enlarged Lns. Nodules in solid organs and lung.
81
Nec fasc vs Pyomyositis vs Cellulitis?
Necrotizing fasciitis: Following trauma/immunocompromise, tender, erythematous, necrotic fascia with greyish exudate, absence of pus/blood. Blistering/bulla formation +/- subcutaneous gas. Infection of FASCIA +/- muscle. PyoMyositis: Infection of MUSCLES with abscess/oedema/swelling. Staph aureus. Cellulitis: Infection of SKIN/subcutaneous layer, cobblestone appearance with fluid/infllamation. Bones/muscles/fascia usually normal, but may affect vessels (thrombophlebitis).
82
Synovial thickening and enhancement following trauma
TenoSynovitis
83
LCH workup?
Do Skull imaging, Skeletal survey and bone/PET scan, abdopelvis imaging.
84
Degenerative vs Inflammatory joint conditions: Differences
Degenerative “DDDDD" = Deformity, destruction, dislocation, density normal, do not feel pain Inflammatory = Reduced bone density (osteoporosis) with raised inflammatory markers
85
Inflammatory joint conditions: Small joint causes mnemonic
Small (ie MCPJ/PIPJ in hands) "DSLR" = Dermatomyositis, Systemic sclerosis, Lupus, RA/JIA (RA both small and large) Large (ie Axial skeleton, Sacroiliitis, Limbs "RAPE" = RA/JIA, Reiters, AS, Psoriatic, Enteropathic
86
Inflammatory joint conditions: Large joint causes mnemonic
Small (ie MCPJ/PIPJ in hands) "DSLR" = Dermatomyositis, Systemic sclerosis, Lupus, RA/JIA (RA both small and large) Large (ie Axial skeleton, Sacroiliitis, Limbs "RAPE" = RA/JIA, Reiters, AS, Psoriatic, Enteropathic
87
Modic endplate changes Types 1-3 appearance on MRI
Modic endplate changes (MRI T1/T2): Type 1 (marrow oedema) = Low/High. Type 2 (fatty infiltration) = High/High. Type 3 (subchondral sclerosis) = Low/Low

WlwG Old (22 decks)

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