Wk6 Vagina and Penis micro

Question 1

Dominant normal microbe of the vagina (and penis):

Answer 1

lactobacilli

Question 2

3 ways lactobacilli provide defense against invading pathogens:

Answer 2

1. decrease pH
2. H2O2
3. Bacteriocins

Question 3

Lactobacilli rxn that decreases pH:

Answer 3

Glucose –> pyruvate

Question 4

What do MCT’s do?

Answer 4

excrete H+ with lactate to increase extracellular pH

Question 5

What is a bacteriocin?

Answer 5

bacteria produced antibacterial

Question 6

Cause of bacterial vaginosis?

Answer 6

disruption of normal flora

Question 7

Must abundant bacteria in bacterial vaginosis?

Answer 7

Gardnerella

Question 8

Tx for bacterial vaginosis?

Answer 8

metronidazole

Question 9

Mech of metronidazole?

Answer 9

1. interfere’s with bacteria’s fuel metabolism

2. generates reactive nitrogen –> damages nucleic acids

Question 10

Only bugs that can activate metronidazole?

Answer 10

anaerobes

Question 11

“clue cells”

Answer 11

PID

Question 12

What change occurs in the epithelial cell surfaces in PID?

Answer 12

loss of cilia

Question 13

Most common causes of PID

Answer 13

N. gonorrhea

Chlamydia

Question 14

Tx for PID:

Answer 14

ceftriaxone + doxycycline

Question 15

Bug causing most toxic shock syndrome?

Answer 15

S. aureus

Question 16

S. aureus VF for TSS?

Answer 16

superantigen (TSST-1)

Question 17

Mech of disease for S. aureus superantigen?

Answer 17

bind T-cells and Mac’s — activates ALL T-cells

Question 18

Will you see bacteremia in TSS?

Answer 18

no – only toxin has desseminated systemically

Question 19

HOw do some S. aureus get TSST-1?

Answer 19

SaPI1 pathogenicity island from bacteriophages

Question 20

What’s it called when a bacteria gets some DNA from a phage?

Answer 20

transduction

Question 21

DO patient’s with S. aureus sepsis get TSS?

Answer 21

not usually

Question 22

Prevention of HIV in males associated with?

Answer 22

curcumcision

**shifts normal microbiota away from anaerobes to more aerobes – less inflammation – less Mac’s to infect

Question 23

Where does HIV infect the penis?

Answer 23

urethra and inner foreskin

**no keratinized epithelium

Question 24

First cells infected by HIV?

Answer 24

Mac’s

Question 25

Epididymitis in sexually active males think which bugs?

Answer 25

Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Question 26

Epididymitis in young or old guys?

Answer 26

E. coli

Question 27

Tx for E. coli:

Answer 27

quinalones

levofloxacin