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Endo/Repro > Wk3 Gyn Path > Flashcards

Wk3 Gyn Path Flashcards

1
Q

infection of UPPER genital tract

A

PID

pelvic inflammatory disease

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2
Q

commonest cause of vaginal discharge in women of reproductive age?

A

Bacterial vaginosis

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3
Q

Cause of bacterial vaginosis

A

decreased lactobacilli –> increased pH

–> overgrowth of G- anaerobe

**Gardnerella vaginalis

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4
Q

clue cells

A

bacterial vaginosis

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5
Q

Commonest curable STD in the world:

A

Trichomona vaginalis

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6
Q

What kind of bug is T. vaginalis?

A

flagellated protozoan

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7
Q

white plaques resembling curdled milk

A

Candida albicans

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8
Q

solitary

PAINLESS

ulceration

A

Syphilis

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9
Q

low risk HPV genotypes

A

6

11

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10
Q

high risk HPV genotypes

A

16

18

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11
Q

condyloma acuminatum

A

genital warts

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12
Q

koilocytic atypia

A

HPV 6 or 11

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13
Q

HPV 16 or 18 high risk for:

A

invasive squamous carcinoma

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14
Q

Two types of “Classic” vulvar dermatoses:

A
  1. lichen simplex chronica
  2. lichen sclerosis

**typically appear white (leukoplakia)

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15
Q

vulvar dermatosis

irritated, HYPERPLASTIC skin

A

lichen simplex chronica

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16
Q

vulvar dermatosi

Atrophic epidermis (thin)

subepidermal edema

A

lichen sclerosis

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17
Q

commonest tumefication of the vulva

caused by a duct obstruction

A

Bartholin cyst (Bartholin gland disease)

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18
Q

Mammary like neoplasm

A

Hidradenoma papilliferum

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19
Q

Wart due to low risk HPV

A

Condyloma

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20
Q

VIN (vulvar intraepithilial neoplasia)

reproductive age women

A

Common (HPV) type

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21
Q

VIN (vulvar intraepithilial neoplasia)

no relation to HPV

post-menopausal women

A

“Differentiated” type

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22
Q

non-squamous vulvar malignancy

post-menopausal white women

high mortality if > 1 mm thickness

A

Melanoma

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23
Q

intraepithelial adenocarcinoma

post menopausal white women

A

Extr-mammary Paget’s disease

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24
Q

Polypoid GRAPE-LIKE tumor

infants/young children

A

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma

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25
endoCERVICAL gland mucous retention cyst
Nabothian
26
BIG association with Cervical carcinoma
HPV > 95%
27
Area of cervix most susceptible to HPV infection
transformation zone | immature squamous epithelium
28
CHief sx of endometrial pathology:
abnormal vaginal bleeding
29
Typical cause of dysfunctional uterine bleeding in reproductive age women:
anovulation due to adequate estrogen but lack of progesterone --> no luteal phase --> proliferative phase persists no secretory phase or subsequent shedding of endometrium
30
Chief cause of vaginal bleeding in post-menopausal women:
endometrial ATROPHY
31
hyperplastic protrusion of endometrium
endometrial polyp
32
cause of endometrial hyperplasia:
chronic estrogen excess
33
histologic risk stratifier for progression to cancer in endometrial hyperplasia:
presence of ATYPIA
34
commonest GYN cancer in developed world:
endometrial carcinoma
35
major RF for endometrial carcinoma:
unopposed estrogen states
36
most common type of endometrial carcinoma:
Type 1-- arrises from hyperlasia **good prog **usually limited to uterus
37
endometrial CA that arrises from ATROPHY w/no prior estrogen exposure
Type 2 **SEROUS/clear cell carcinoma **older patients, poor prog
38
Endometrial CA w/ cartilage, bone, muscle, fat
mixed Mullerian
39
ectopic endometrial glands adn stroma OUTSIDE of uterine cavity:
endometriosis
40
"chocolate cyst"
ovarian endometriosis
41
endometrial glands present within myometrium:
Adenomyosis
42
Commonest visceral tumor in women:
Uterine leiomyomas
43
malignant proliferation of SM from myometrium atypical nuclei increased mitoses necrosis
leiomyosarcoma
44
menstrual irregularity hyperandrogenism enlarged ovaries insulin resistance/diabetes
PCOS polycystic ovarian syndrome
45
Majority of ovarian neoplasms arise from which tissue?
ovarian surface-- Mullerian epithelium
46
Two types of epithilial ovarian tumors:
serous mucinous
47
marker for following ovarian CA after dx and tx:
CA-125
48
What must be ruled out in mucinous borderline ovarian tumors:
mets from Appendix
49
ovarian germ cell tumor containing: skin/hair fat brain teeth etc.
Mature cystic teratoma (dermoid cyst)
50
good marker for malignant germ cell tumors:
hCG
51
female equivalent of testicular seminoma
dysgerminoma
52
neoplasm arising from ovarian stromal cells surrounding oocyte:
sex cord/stromal tumors
53
commonest cause of neoplastic Estrogen excess:
Granulosa cell tumor
54
large sex cord tumors associated with ascites and pleural effusion
Fibroma/thecoma -- "Meig's syndrome"
55
signet ring cells adenoma from stomach
Krukenberg tumor
56
mucinous peritoneal carcinomatosis usually from appendix
pseudomyxoma peritonei
57
Dx for ectopic pregnancy:
serum hCG (less than 50% expected increase) transvaginal US
58
new onset HTN and proteinuria in pregnancy
preeclampsia
59
placenta develops just proximal to or covering cervical os:
placenta previa
60
RF for placenta previa:
prior hx prior C-sec multiple gestations
61
partial or complete detachment of placenta during pregnancy:
placental abruption
62
big RF for placental abruption:
severe preeclampsia
63
Severe complications of placental abruption:
DIC fetal asphyxia/death
64
placental villi implantation in superficial myometrium:
placenta accreta
65
placental villi implantation penetrates into myometrium:
placenta increta
66
placental villi penetrates through myometrium:
placenta percreta
67
increased risk for placenta accreta:
prior C-sec
68
most common cause of PPH (post-partum hemorrhage)
uterine atony retained placenta
69
Read up about gestational trophoblstic neoplasms:
AKA: molar pregnancies slides 295 --> and pathoma

Endo/Repro (46 decks)

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