Wk2 Pancreas Phys Flashcards
Alpha cells secrete:
glucagon
Somatostatin comes from what cell?
D cells
Ketone bodies are a product of…
fat metabolism
Time in fasted state when glycogen in muscle and liver runs out:
within 24 hours
Enzyme unique to liver that allows glucose from glycogen to be released into blood:
G-6-P
Insulin effect on fat tissue:
inhibits lipolysis
promotes accumulation of TGs
Myocyte stimulators that trigger glycogenolysis:
Epi – B2 receptors
4 main roles of insulin in fed state:
- glucose oxidation
- glycogen synthesis
- fat synthesis
- protein sysnthesis
3 main roles of glucagon in fasted state:
- glycogenolysis
- gluconeogenesis
- ketogenesis
Sympathetic effect on insulin in pancreatic Beta cells:
inhibits release
**fight or flight –> need sugar in blood
Parasympathetic effect on insulin in beta cells:
cephalic phase of insulin secretion via vagus
**main regulator of beta cell insulin release:
GLUCOSE
How does glucose get into beta cells:
GLUT2
Once in the cell, how does glucose stimulate insulin release from beta cells:
glycolysis –> ATP
ATP –> CLOSES K+ channel –> DEpolarizes cell
–> increases Ca++ via voltage gated Ca channels
–> Ca++ causes release of insulin from vesicles fusing with membrane
Effect of thiazide diuretics on beta cells:
OPEN K+ channels –> hyperpolarization –> no insulin release –> hyperglycemia