Week 8: hypo/ hyper thyroidism Flashcards
thyroid hormone functions to increase ___ and ____ in the body. When we see an increase in thyroid hormone were going to see an increases in ____ _____
metabolism
protein synthesis
metabolic activity
TH Influences ___ and _____ in children as its necessary for them to attain sexual maturity and mental development
growth and development
stimulation of the ____ that we need more thyroid hormone or when there are outside stressors such as cold or __ or ___ response that hypothalamus is going to release more thyroid releasing hormone.
hypothalmus
fight or flight
The _____ release is going to move to that ______ ____ where it’s going to trigger the release of TSH which is then going to go to the blood to that thyroid gland which will stimulate the production and release of ___ and ____
TRH
anterior pituitary
t3
t4
___ feedback will tell the hypothalamus that we have had enough thyroid hormone
negative
_____ is a lack of thyroid hormone
hypothyroidism
____ ___ is an issue with thyroid gland itself, this could be ___ or ____ and result in deficient production and release of thyroid hormone t3 and t4.
primary hypothyroidism
congenital
aquired
in acquired ___ hypothyroidism typically a description of the thyroid gland so we are destroying the cells that produce and release the thyroid hormones
primary
in ___ causes there is an issue in pituitary gland- the pituitary is not secreting that TSH, typically that is the result of a ___ ___ or ____ process
secondary
pituitary adenoma
cancerous
hypothalamus is not releasing that _____ we consider that a ____ disorder because it’s related to the hypothalamus.
TRH
teritary
Autoimmunity is a ___ cause of hypothyroidism Could also be related to an___ ____. ___ is a component of ____ ____
primary
iodine deficiency
iodine
thyroid hormone
for clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism think very ____ metabolism in the body
low
signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism are
- Fatigue, weakness, lethargy
- cold intolerance
- constipations,
- dry skin, corse hair,
- impaired reproduction, impaired memory
- weight gain
- myxedema
- Decreased cardiac output, bradycardia
- enlarged tongue
_____ is type of ____ that occurs in someone with long standing _____. There are deposits and other things in the dermis that alter composition of it, that leads to fluid coming into those areas and other depositions as well.
myxedema
edema
hypothyroidism
someone with ___ may have swelling in the the ___ and ____. We can also see that in the hands and feet and tongue
myxedema
eyes
face
___ ____ which is a medical emergency they are going to have severe hypotension, respiratory depression, severe hypothermia.
myxedema coma
treatment of ____ ____ give them hormone. seen in person not taking their medications for _____ or they sick leading the body wanting to ramp up its metabolic state but they don’t have the ___ ___ to do that so they may need extra ___ ____ during those periods illness.
myxedema coma
hypothyroidism
thyroid hormone
thyroid hormone
signs of myxedema coma
–Weakness –Confusion –Feeling cold –Low body temperature –Swelling of the body- diffuse edema –Difficulty breathing –Precipitated by acute event (e.g. infection, trauma, surgery, heart failure, cva)-Is not always preceded by myxedema **can lead to death if not treated quickly**
to diagnose hypothyroidism a ___ and __ should be done and ___ studies
history and physical
lab
labs for hypothyroidism are ___, ___ ____, ____ ___, and ___ uptake. the amount of ___ and ___ circulating the blood. Thyroid ____ and ____ can be checked if worried about autoimmune process
TSH free t4 total t3 t4 uptake t3 t4 autoantibodies antithyroglobulin
in Primary Hypothyroidism there will be a ___ T4,and ___ TSH
low
high
in secondary hypothyroidism there is going to be ___ t4 and ___ TSH
low
low
treatment for hypothyroidism is _____ ____ ____ because that thyroid gland is not producing any hormone.
lifelong hormone replacement therapy
They are going to be on levothyroxine or synthroid the level depends on the person
if secondary issue treatment might be ____ if its a ____ or ____. its possible for the ___ to start producing adequate levels of ___
surgical
pituitary adenoma
carcinoma
TSH
____ is a Condition of excess ___ ___, it can be related to excess stimulation of thyroid gland so that would be a _____ _____
hyperthyroidism
thyroid hormone
primary hyperthyroidism
___ ____ is most common form of hyperthyroidism in U.S. it is an ___ condition
graves disease
autoimmune
in the ____ process of ____ ____ the IgG to bind to ____ ___ on the thyroid cells leading to stimulation and causing them to produce and release more thyroid hormone than normal
autoimmune
graves disease
TSH receptors
the cause of hyperthyroidism is ____ but does lead to excess stimulation and release of that thyroid hormone
unknown
the secondary form of ____ can be cancerous also
hyperthyroidism
for the clinical manifestations of ___ think about over stimulation or overworking the cells can ____. So often in someone with hyperthyroidism we see a ___
hyperthyroidism
enlarge
groiter
the general manifestations of hyperthyroidism relate to an ___ in ____
increase
metabolism
general manifestations of hyperthyroidism are
weight loss tremors aggitation palpitations tachycardia, weakness heat intolerance, sweating diarrhea and increased appetite fine hair, oily skin restlessness, irritability and anxiety exophthalmos
thyroid storm
if there is too much stimulation of that thyroid gland and too much thyroid hormone is being released around the body that is a dangerous
-increased HR and BP and temp
thyroid storm occurs when a person is ____ or has __. Severe CNS effects (agitation, restlessness, delirium)
stressed
infection
hyperthyroidism requires a ___ and ___ and lab tests.
history
physical
lab tests for hyperthyroidism involve ____, ___, and ___. patient can be given ____ ____, if we see a lot of uptake of that thyroid gland when we do an xray
TSH
t3
t4
radioactive iodine
Free___ and increased uptake of radioactive iodine by the thyroid gland confirms diagnosis
thyroxine
in either case for hyperthyroidism we will see a high __/___. Now we are going to look at that ____ level and whether it’s low or high will let us know if it’s a ___ or ____condition
t3 t4 TSH primary secondary
Primary ___ will have LOW TSH
hyperthyroidism
Primary hyperthyroidism has a high ___ and high ___
tsh
t3/t4
treatment for hyperthyroidism involves ____ treatment, destruction of all or part of the gland with ___ ___, or ___ removal
pharmacological
radioactive iodine
surgical
