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Sequence 1 > Week 7: HTN > Flashcards

Week 7: HTN Flashcards

1
Q

Systolic BP

A

Max pressure in the heart

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2
Q

Diastolic BP

A

Minimum pressure in the heart

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3
Q

Normal BP for person at rest

A

100-140/ 60-90

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4
Q

HTN stage 1

A

Systolic BP is 140-159

Diastolic BP is 90-99

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5
Q

HTN stage 2 values

A

Systolic > or = to 160

Diastolic > or = to 100

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6
Q

Non modifiable risk factors

A

Family hx
Aging- 60+ and postmenopausal women
Race/ gender- African Americans higher risk

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7
Q

Modifiable risk factors

A

DM
Excess dietary na+, alcohol, and stress
Obesity/ sedentary lifestyle
Smoking

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8
Q

Other risk factors of Htn include i_____ and dysfunction of the S___ and R____ causing vasoconstriction, and sodium and water retention leading to increased p___ r___, increased blood volume and sustained HTN

A

Inflamation
SNS
RAAS
Peripheral resistance

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9
Q

HTN is a major risk factor for S___, a___ of arteries, p___ a___ d___ and chronic kidney disease

A

Stroke
Aneurisms
Peripheral vascular disease

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10
Q

HTN puts a strain on the ____ leading to h___ h___ D___ and CAD

A

Heart

Hypertensive heart disease

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11
Q

Classification

A

Essential/ primary HTN

Secondary HTN

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12
Q

______ HTN has a high BP with no obvious underlying medical cause. The increased A___ vasoconstriction can lead to damage to the a__ walls

A

Primary/ essential
Arterial
Arterial

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13
Q

____ HTN is caused by conditions that affect other organs like the kidneys (kidney failure), arteries, heart, endocrine systems

A

Secondary

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14
Q

Causes of secondary HTN also include

A 
Pheochromocytoma
Brain tumor
Encephalitis 
Pregnancy 
Estrogen
Some gluccorticoids
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15
Q

The RAAS system: when BP ____ renin, angiotensin 1, angiotensin 2 and aldosterone play a role in ____ and sodium and water ____ to allow BP to _____

A

Falls
Vasoconstriction
Retention
Rise

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16
Q

Isolated systolic HTN

A

Systolic BP at or above 140

** normal diastolic **

17
Q

I___ s___ HTN is caused by a ___ in a____ compliance as aging occurs

A

Isolated systolic
Decrease
Aortic

18
Q

Isolated systolic HTN is caused by ______ coronary blood flow and eventually ____ ventricular hypertrophy, c___ ischemia, and heart failure

A

Decrease
Left
Coronary

19
Q

Malignant/ resistant HTN

A

uncontrollable, severe type of high BP that rapidly progresses with many complications

20
Q

In malignant HTN ____ BP is extremely high and greater than 150 - 200

A

Diastolic

21
Q

Unless interventions occur quickly, the patient with malignant HTN might have k___ ___, L___ ___ ___ or s____

A

Kidney failure
Left ventricular failure
Stroke

22
Q

Those with HTN are usually _____, which is why it’s called “the silent killer”

A

Asymptotic

23
Q

When advanced, HTN can cause C___ ___ ___ changes, such as headache, fatigue, weakness, new onset b____ _____, confusion, change in m____ __, vomiting and nausea

A

CNS
Blurred vision
Mental status

24
Q

A h___ ___ and p___ ___ is needed to diagnose HTN, which will allow assessment of risk factors. Serial blood pressure measurements can be used

A

Health history and physical exam

25
Q

Laboratory tests for diagnosising HTN

A

NONE for diagnosing essential HTN

26
Q

A l___ ___, to test cholesterol; blood sugar, to test for diabetes; serum c___, b___, u____, will asses kidney function

A

Lipid panel
Creatine
BUN
Urinanalysis

27
Q

Treatment of HTN

A 
Lifestyle changes considered foundation in control 
Decrease dietary intake of sodium 
Weight loss 
Decrease alcohol 
Exercise and stress reduction
Anti hypertensive medication
28
Q

Anti hypertensive drugs include d___, c___ ___ ___, A___ inhibitors and ARBS

A

Diuretics
Calcium channel blockers
ACE

29
Q

Goal of treatment for those over age of 60 is BP less than __/___

A

150/90

30
Q

Goal of those younger than 60 with HTN is __/__

A

140/90

31
Q

For those with chronic kidney disease or diabetes, we want BP to be less than ___/__

A

140/90.

32
Q

Hypertension is a chronic, progressive condition in which the ___ ____ in the _____ is ____. There can be ____ damage d/t persistent BP elevation

A

Blood pressure
Arteries
Elevated
Organ

Sequence 1 (21 decks)

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