TB Overview Flashcards
When does TB happen?
Crowded living situation
Immunodeficiency or HIV
Chronic alcoholism, malnourished
Chronic disease causing chronic infection and decreased immune function
We are going to have our delayed ____ reaction, type _ ___. Which is going to Show as positive when we get that PPD test
Hypersensitivity
4 hypersensitivity
The ___ will go to ___ ___ which are going to initiate that __ ___ immune response
Bacilli
Lymph nodes
Type 4
Those with high resistance with good immune function are going to form ___ as the body tries to fight that __ ______
Tubercles
M. Tuberculosis
When the tubercle forms there’s going to be
Cell death, tissue necrosis
Inflammatory products
Leukocytes
Ghon complex
Body makes new epithelial cells in order of form granulmons and wall off bacteria.
Stays walled off if healthy and not immunocompromised
If immunocompromised bacteria can break through wall leading to secondary infection
Cavitation
Active infection
Cavitation can be seen in initial and secondary infection
During cavitation cell mediated immunity impaired
Organism is multiplying and forming a large area of necrosis
Clinical manifestations
A symptomatic
After long time and chronic inflammation:
Malaise, anorexia, fatigue, chest pain, low grade fever, night sweats, chronic cough possible bloody sputum
Diagnosis
Positive PPD
Sputum culture and sensitivity
Acid fast sputum test
Nucleic amplification
Treatment
Use a combo of 2,3,4 drugs depending if active or latent for 6 months to 1 year
DOT= direct observation therapy to make sure take medications
In hospital with active infection then airborne droplet precaution, negative pressure room with nurse with n95 mask
Pathophysiology
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, transmitted through AIRBONE DROPLETS
