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Sequence 1 > A&E 1 Midterm > Flashcards

A&E 1 Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

prebycusis

A

high frequency hearing loss

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2
Q

young old

A

65- 74 y/o

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3
Q

middle old

A

75- 84 y/o

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4
Q

advanced old

A

85-99 y/o

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5
Q

elite old

A

100+ y/o

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6
Q

iatragenesis

A

any illness that occurs because of medical care

i.e. invasive procedures, increased length of stay, nosicomal infections

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7
Q

fragility

A

stage of age- related physiological vulnerability resulting from impaired homeostatic reserve and a reduced capacity of the organism to withstand stress

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8
Q

geriatric cascade

A

phenomenon of rapid decline resulting from frailty, acute illness, and stress of institutional care (acute hopsitalization)

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9
Q

nursing diagnosis

A

clinical judgement about indivdual, family or community responses to actual or potential health problems or life processes that the nurse is licensed to treat

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10
Q

the nursing process

A

ADPIE

asses, diagnose, plan, implement, evaluate

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11
Q

assessment

A

cluster data or defining characteristics to support nursing diagnosis
prevention begins with assessment

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12
Q

planning

A
  • establish priorities
  • anticipate and sequence nursing interventions
  • identify short and long term outcomes
  • think critically so that plan of care integrates all patient information
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13
Q

implementation

A

carry out the plan

can be nurse initialed, dependent, independent, physical initiated, interdependent, or collaborative

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14
Q

evaluation

A

discharge? modify plan? continue?

if outcomes are met, client goals are met

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15
Q

when does discharge planning start?

A

as soon as the patient enters the healthcare system

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16
Q

geriatric syndrome

A

unique features of common health conditions in older people that do not fit into discrete disease categories.
i.e. falls, delirium, incontience, frailty

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17
Q

intrinsic/ non modifiable risk factors of falls

A

older age, history of falls, gait impairment, balance disorders

orthostatic or postural hypotension, depression, muscle weakness, chronic conditions such as dementia, arthritis, parkinson’s

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18
Q

extrinsic/ environmental/ modifiable risk factors of falls

A

polypharmacy, loose carpets, use of canes or wheelchairs, inadequate lighting, footwear, certain restraints

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19
Q

katz index of daily living

A

assess functional status as a measurement of the client’s ability to perform activities of daily living independently

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20
Q

fulmer SPICES

A 
S-sleep disorders
P-problems eating or feeding
I-incontenice
C-confusion
E-evidence of falls
S- skin breakdown
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21
Q

purpose of fulmer SPICES

A

to obtain information necessary to prevent health alterations in older adult patient

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22
Q

Hendrick II fall risk model

A

to identify those at risk for falling

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23
Q

latent failure

A

arising from decisions that affect organizational policies, procedures, and allocation of resources. hidden under the systems of the hospital such as understaffing and equipment

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24
Q

active failure

A

direct contact with the patient

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25
Q

organizaitonal system failure

A

indirect failures related to management, organizational culture, protocols, transfer of knowledge, and external factors

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26
Q

technical failure

A

indirect failure of facilities or external resources

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27
Q

pressure ulcer

A

localized injury to the skin and underlying tissue usually over a bony prominence as result of pressure or pressure in combination with shear

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28
Q

elements of cause of pressure ulcer

A

pressure duration
pressure intensity
tissue tolerance

pressure is the major element in the cause of pressure ulcer

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29
Q

risk factors for pressure ulcers

A 
impaired sensory preception
impaired mobility
alteration in LOC
shear and friction
moisture/ maceration
decreased general health
history of healed pressure ulcers 
uses of braces, collars, oxygen tubes etc
30
Q

stage 1

A

defined area of redness or discoloration

31
Q

stage 2

A

partial loss of skin thickness involving epidermis and or dermis, abrasion, blister, shallow crater

break of skin, no eschar, tunneling or underming

32
Q

stage 3

A

FULL THICKNESS SKIN LOSS involving damage or necrosis of subcutaneous tissues and might extend through fat layer and under facia. deep crater

33
Q

stage 4

A

FULL thickness skin loss, down to muscle and bone

underming and tracts associated with stage 4 ulcers

34
Q

unstageable

A

FULL thickness tissue loss in which actual depth of the ulcer is completely obscured by slough (yellow, tan, gray, green or brown) and/or eschar (tan, brown or black) in the wound bed.

35
Q

deep tissue injury

A

skin not broken

not stage 1 because dark color

36
Q

incontenince associated dermatitis

A

exposure to urine or stool
diffuse, in skin folds
not necrotic
pain and itchy

37
Q

granulation tissue

A

healthy beefy pink; intermediate step in FULL thickness loss

does not mature into epithelial

38
Q

serous

A

clear, water plasma

39
Q

purulent

A

thick, yellow, green, tan or brown

40
Q

sero-sanuinous

A

pale, read, watery; mixture of clear and watery fluid

41
Q

sanguinous

A

bright red

42
Q

interpretation of braden scale

A

low score, the higher the risk

43
Q

nutrition and pressure ulcers

A

serum albumin and pre-albumin

assess for significant weight loss

44
Q

nutrition intervention

A

hight protein, vitamin rich diet

45
Q

pharmokenetics

A

how medications are absorbed, distributed, metabolized into cells, tissues, organs and how they are excreted

46
Q

factors that affect absorption

A

route of admission, ability to dissolve, blood flow to site o administration, lipid solubility of medication

47
Q

distribution depends on

A

circulation, membrane permeability, protein binding

48
Q

biotransformation

A

turning drug into noneffective state

49
Q

theraputic effect

A

expected or predictable

50
Q

side effect

A

unintended, secondary effect

51
Q

allergic reaction

A

unpredictable response

52
Q

adverse effect

A

sever response to medication

53
Q

idosyncratic reaction

A

over or under reaction to medication;; reaction specific to the individual

54
Q

toxic effect

A

medication accumulates in the blood stream

55
Q

standing or routine order

A

administered until dosage is changed or another medication is prescribed

56
Q

PRN

A

given when client needs

57
Q

stat

A

given immediately

58
Q

single- one time

A

one time for specific reason

59
Q

an order

A

drug, amount, route, frequency, purpose

60
Q

3 D’s

A

Dementia
Delirium
Depression

61
Q

Atelectasis

A

Collapse of alveoli

62
Q

Negative nitrogen balance

A

When a patient is immobile, the body excretes more N than ingested (protein)

63
Q

Hypostatic pneumonia

A

Inflammation of the lung from stasis or pooling of secretion

64
Q

Orthostatic hypotension

A

An increase in HR of more than 15% and a drop in 15 mmHg or more in systolic BP

OR a drop in diastolic BP when a patient changes from supine to standing

65
Q

Serous

A

Clear watery plasma

66
Q

Purulent

A

Thick, yellow, green, tan or brown

67
Q

Serosangineous

A

Pink, pale, watery

MIXTURE OF CLEAR AND RED FLUID

68
Q

Sanguinous

A

Bright red fluid- indicates active bleeding

69
Q

Biological half life

A

Time it takes for excretion process to lower the amount of unchanged medication by half

70
Q

Parenteral medication

A

Non oral administration, but pass through skin and mucous membrane

For example: IM, IV, Subcutaneous

71
Q

6 rights of medication

A
  1. Right medication
  2. Right dose
  3. Right patient
  4. Right route
  5. Right time
  6. Right documentation

Sequence 1 (21 decks)

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