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Clinical Morphology > Week 7: Cranial nerves > Flashcards

Week 7: Cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial nerves that arise from the cerebrum

A

only the first 2: olfactory and optic

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2
Q

Majority of cranial nerves arise from

A

brain stem: CN III-XII

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3
Q

Which cranial nerves transmit parasympathetic information?

A

III, VII, IX, and X

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4
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Olfactory (CN I)

A

special sense (smell)

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5
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Optic (CN II)

A

special sense (vision)

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6
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Occulomotor (CN III)

A
  • motor

* parasympathetic

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7
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Trochlear (CN IV)

A

•motor

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8
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Trigeminal (CN V)

A
  • sensory

* motor

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9
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Abducens (CN VI)

A

•motor

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10
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Facial (CN VII)

A
  • special sense (taste)
  • motor
  • parasympathetic
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11
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Vestibulocochlear (CN VIII)

A

•special sense (balance/hearing)

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12
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)

A
  • sensory
  • special sense (taste)
  • motor
  • parasympathetic
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13
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Vagus (CN X)

A
  • sensory
  • motor
  • parasympathetic
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14
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Accestory (CN XI)

A

•motor

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15
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Hypoglossal (CN XII)

A

•motor

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16
Q

function of CN I

A
  • Olfactory

* special sense of smell

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17
Q

function of CN II

A
  • Optic

* special sense of vision

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18
Q

function of CN III

A
  • Occulomotor
  • motor to most extraocular muscles of eye
  • parasympathetic to pupillary sphincter and ciliary muscle to eye
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19
Q

function of CN IV

A
  • Troclear (smallest CN)

* motor to superior oblique muscle of eye

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20
Q

function of CN V

A
  • Trigeminal (largest CN)

* has 3 divisions: opthalmic division, maxillary division, and mandibular division

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21
Q

function of CN V1

A
  • Opthhalmic division of CN V

* sensory to scalp, forehead, nose, cornea and conjunctiva of eye

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22
Q

function of CN V2

A
  • Maxillary division of CN V

* sensory to cheeks, lower eye lid, nasal mucosa, upper lip, upper teeth, and palate

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23
Q

function of CN V3

A
  • Mandibular division of CN V
  • sensory to anterior 2/3 of tongue, chin, and lower teeth
  • motor to muscles of mastication
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24
Q

function of CN VI

A
  • Abducens

* motor to lateral rectus muscle of eye

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25
Q

function of CN VII

A
  • Facial
  • sense of taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue
  • motor to muscles of facial expression
  • parasympathetic to lacrimal, submandibular, and sublingual salivary glands
26
Q

function of CN VIII

A
  • Vestibulocochlear

* special sense of hearing and balance

27
Q

function of CN IX

A
  • Glossopharyngeal
  • sensory to posterior 1/3 of tongue, palate, and oropharynx (afferent limb of gag reflex)
  • motor to pharynx (swallowing)
  • special sense of taste from posterior 1/3 or tongue
  • parasympathetic to parotid salivary gland
28
Q

function of CN X

A
  • Vagus
  • sensory to external ear, larynx, and esophagus
  • motor to muscles of pharynx, larynx, palate and esophagus (speech and swallowing, efferent limb of gag reflex)
  • parasympathetic to thoracic and abdominal organs
29
Q

function of CN XI

A
  • Spinal accessory

* motor to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle

30
Q

function of CN XII

A
  • Hypoglossal

* motor to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue

31
Q

What nerves exit from cribiform plate?

A

olfactory (CN I)

32
Q

What nerves exit from optic canal?

A

optic (CN II)

33
Q

What nerves exit from superior orbital fissure?

A
  • oculomotor (CN III)
  • trochlear (CN IV)
  • ophthalmic (CN V1)
  • abducens (CN VI)
34
Q

What nerves exit from foramen rotundum?

A

Maxillary (CN V2)

35
Q

What nerves exit from foramen ovale?

A

mandibular (CN V3)

36
Q

What nerves exit from internal acoustic meatus?

A
  • Facial (CN VII)

* Vestibulocochlear (CN VIII)

37
Q

What nerves exit from jugular foramen?

A
  • glosopharyngeal (CN IX)
  • vagus (CN X)
  • accessory (CN XI)
38
Q

What nerves exit from hypoglossal canal?

A

hypoglossal (CN XII)

39
Q

Major sensory branches of ophthalmic division of CN V

A
  • frontal nerve, which give off lacrimal nerve

* supraorbital nerve

40
Q

major sensory branches of maxillary division of CN V

A
  • infraorbital nerve

* superior alveolar nerve

41
Q

what does superior alveolar nerve do

A
  • branch off CN V2

* sensory for upper teeth and some of the sinuses of the head and nasal mucosa

42
Q

major sensory branches of mandibular branch of CN V

A
  • buccal nerve
  • ariculotemporal nerve
  • lingual nerve
  • inferior alveolar nerve
43
Q

buccal nerve

A
  • branch of CN V3

* sensory from inside of mouth and cheek

44
Q

ariculotemporal nerve

A
  • branch of CN V3

* sensory from skin around external ear

45
Q

lingual nerve

A
  • branch of CN V3

* sensory from anterior 2/3 of tongue

46
Q

inferior alveolar nerve

A
  • branch of CN V3
  • sensory from lower teeth
  • exits mandible via mental foramen to become mental nerve
47
Q

mental nerve

A
  • from inferior alveolar nerve, a branch of CN V3

* sensory from region of lower lip and face

48
Q

motor branches of mandibular division of CN V3 function

A

•motor to muscles of mastication (temporalis, amsseter, medial and lateral pterygoid)

49
Q

innervation and function of stapedius muscle

A
  • a branch of facial nerve

* important in dampening sound receive by tympanic membrane

50
Q

5 motor branches of facial nerve

A

temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, and cervical

51
Q

muscles innervated by temporal branches of facial nerve

A

frontalis, orbicularis oculi, and corrugator supercilli

52
Q

muscles innervated by zygomatic branches of facial nerve

A

orbicularis occuli

53
Q

muscles innervated by buccal branches of facial nerve

A

orbicularis oris, buccinator, and zygomaticus

54
Q

muscles innervated by marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve

A

mentalis

55
Q

muscles innervated by cervical branch of facial nerve

A

platysma

56
Q

parasympathetic innervation of neck

A

provided by cranial nerve CN III, VII and IX

57
Q

preganglionic fibers of parasympathetic nerve synapse where

A

peripheral ganglia within the head (ciliary, pterygopalatine, submandibular, and otic)

58
Q

sympathetic innervation of neck

A
  • derived from upper thoracic spinal cord levels (T1-T2)
  • ascend via sympathetic trunk
  • synapse in superior cervical ganglion
59
Q

greater petrosal nerve

A
  • in proximal portion of facial canal, facial nerve gives off this branch
  • it carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the pterygopalatine ganglion, which eventually join the lacrimal nerve to innervate the lacrimal gland to cause tearing
60
Q

chorda tympani

A
  • branch of facial nerve that runs with lingual nerve for a time
  • carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to submandibular ganglion.
  • postganglionic fibers exit and pass directly to submandibular and sublingual glands to stimulate salivation
61
Q

parasympathetic fibers of glossopharyngeal nerve

A
  • synapse in otic ganglion behind mandible

* postganglionic fibers join the auriculotemporal nerve (branch of CN V3) to travel to parotid gland

Clinical Morphology (25 decks)

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