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Clinical Morphology > Week 7: Cranial nerves > Flashcards

Week 7: Cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial nerves that arise from the cerebrum

A

only the first 2: olfactory and optic

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2
Q

Majority of cranial nerves arise from

A

brain stem: CN III-XII

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3
Q

Which cranial nerves transmit parasympathetic information?

A

III, VII, IX, and X

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4
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Olfactory (CN I)

A

special sense (smell)

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5
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Optic (CN II)

A

special sense (vision)

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6
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Occulomotor (CN III)

A
  • motor

* parasympathetic

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7
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Trochlear (CN IV)

A

•motor

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8
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Trigeminal (CN V)

A
  • sensory

* motor

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9
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Abducens (CN VI)

A

•motor

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10
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Facial (CN VII)

A
  • special sense (taste)
  • motor
  • parasympathetic
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11
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Vestibulocochlear (CN VIII)

A

•special sense (balance/hearing)

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12
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)

A
  • sensory
  • special sense (taste)
  • motor
  • parasympathetic
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13
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Vagus (CN X)

A
  • sensory
  • motor
  • parasympathetic
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14
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Accestory (CN XI)

A

•motor

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15
Q

Sensory, motor, or mixed:

Hypoglossal (CN XII)

A

•motor

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16
Q

function of CN I

A
  • Olfactory

* special sense of smell

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17
Q

function of CN II

A
  • Optic

* special sense of vision

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18
Q

function of CN III

A
  • Occulomotor
  • motor to most extraocular muscles of eye
  • parasympathetic to pupillary sphincter and ciliary muscle to eye
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19
Q

function of CN IV

A
  • Troclear (smallest CN)

* motor to superior oblique muscle of eye

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20
Q

function of CN V

A
  • Trigeminal (largest CN)

* has 3 divisions: opthalmic division, maxillary division, and mandibular division

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21
Q

function of CN V1

A
  • Opthhalmic division of CN V

* sensory to scalp, forehead, nose, cornea and conjunctiva of eye

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22
Q

function of CN V2

A
  • Maxillary division of CN V

* sensory to cheeks, lower eye lid, nasal mucosa, upper lip, upper teeth, and palate

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23
Q

function of CN V3

A
  • Mandibular division of CN V
  • sensory to anterior 2/3 of tongue, chin, and lower teeth
  • motor to muscles of mastication
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24
Q

function of CN VI

A
  • Abducens

* motor to lateral rectus muscle of eye

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25
function of CN VII
* Facial * sense of taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue * motor to muscles of facial expression * parasympathetic to lacrimal, submandibular, and sublingual salivary glands
26
function of CN VIII
* Vestibulocochlear | * special sense of hearing and balance
27
function of CN IX
* Glossopharyngeal * sensory to posterior 1/3 of tongue, palate, and oropharynx (afferent limb of gag reflex) * motor to pharynx (swallowing) * special sense of taste from posterior 1/3 or tongue * parasympathetic to parotid salivary gland
28
function of CN X
* Vagus * sensory to external ear, larynx, and esophagus * motor to muscles of pharynx, larynx, palate and esophagus (speech and swallowing, efferent limb of gag reflex) * parasympathetic to thoracic and abdominal organs
29
function of CN XI
* Spinal accessory | * motor to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle
30
function of CN XII
* Hypoglossal | * motor to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue
31
What nerves exit from cribiform plate?
olfactory (CN I)
32
What nerves exit from optic canal?
optic (CN II)
33
What nerves exit from superior orbital fissure?
* oculomotor (CN III) * trochlear (CN IV) * ophthalmic (CN V1) * abducens (CN VI)
34
What nerves exit from foramen rotundum?
Maxillary (CN V2)
35
What nerves exit from foramen ovale?
mandibular (CN V3)
36
What nerves exit from internal acoustic meatus?
* Facial (CN VII) | * Vestibulocochlear (CN VIII)
37
What nerves exit from jugular foramen?
* glosopharyngeal (CN IX) * vagus (CN X) * accessory (CN XI)
38
What nerves exit from hypoglossal canal?
hypoglossal (CN XII)
39
Major sensory branches of ophthalmic division of CN V
* frontal nerve, which give off lacrimal nerve | * supraorbital nerve
40
major sensory branches of maxillary division of CN V
* infraorbital nerve | * superior alveolar nerve
41
what does superior alveolar nerve do
* branch off CN V2 | * sensory for upper teeth and some of the sinuses of the head and nasal mucosa
42
major sensory branches of mandibular branch of CN V
* buccal nerve * ariculotemporal nerve * lingual nerve * inferior alveolar nerve
43
buccal nerve
* branch of CN V3 | * sensory from inside of mouth and cheek
44
ariculotemporal nerve
* branch of CN V3 | * sensory from skin around external ear
45
lingual nerve
* branch of CN V3 | * sensory from anterior 2/3 of tongue
46
inferior alveolar nerve
* branch of CN V3 * sensory from lower teeth * exits mandible via mental foramen to become mental nerve
47
mental nerve
* from inferior alveolar nerve, a branch of CN V3 | * sensory from region of lower lip and face
48
motor branches of mandibular division of CN V3 function
•motor to muscles of mastication (temporalis, amsseter, medial and lateral pterygoid)
49
innervation and function of stapedius muscle
* a branch of facial nerve | * important in dampening sound receive by tympanic membrane
50
5 motor branches of facial nerve
temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, and cervical
51
muscles innervated by temporal branches of facial nerve
frontalis, orbicularis oculi, and corrugator supercilli
52
muscles innervated by zygomatic branches of facial nerve
orbicularis occuli
53
muscles innervated by buccal branches of facial nerve
orbicularis oris, buccinator, and zygomaticus
54
muscles innervated by marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve
mentalis
55
muscles innervated by cervical branch of facial nerve
platysma
56
parasympathetic innervation of neck
provided by cranial nerve CN III, VII and IX
57
preganglionic fibers of parasympathetic nerve synapse where
peripheral ganglia within the head (ciliary, pterygopalatine, submandibular, and otic)
58
sympathetic innervation of neck
* derived from upper thoracic spinal cord levels (T1-T2) * ascend via sympathetic trunk * synapse in superior cervical ganglion
59
greater petrosal nerve
* in proximal portion of facial canal, facial nerve gives off this branch * it carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the pterygopalatine ganglion, which eventually join the lacrimal nerve to innervate the lacrimal gland to cause tearing
60
chorda tympani
* branch of facial nerve that runs with lingual nerve for a time * carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to submandibular ganglion. * postganglionic fibers exit and pass directly to submandibular and sublingual glands to stimulate salivation
61
parasympathetic fibers of glossopharyngeal nerve
* synapse in otic ganglion behind mandible | * postganglionic fibers join the auriculotemporal nerve (branch of CN V3) to travel to parotid gland

Clinical Morphology (25 decks)

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