Week 22 Flashcards
Criteria for a mental disorder
Symptoms/actions are harmful such that they cause the person distress and/or significantly impair their functioning
Symptoms/actions represent a dysfunction; they are a maladaptive response to the environment
Psychoactive substances
A chemical substance that acts on the central nervous system, where it affects the brain functioning, resulting in changes to a person’s emotions, perceptions, intelligence
Substance-use disorder
Characterized by the continued use of a substance despite significant substance-related problems. It can be applied to all 10 classes of drug except caffeine.
4 categories of symptoms for substance-use disorders
Impaired control
Social impairment
Risky use
Tolerance
Substance intoxication
Substance intoxication occurs when a person suffers clinically significant negative or harmful behavioural changes or psychological effects because of the influence of a psychoactive substance
Substance withdrawal
Occurs when a person suffers clinically significant negative or harmful behavioural changes or psychological effects because they recently stopped prolonged use of a psychoactive substance
Diathesis
Medical term for predisposition/vulnerability. It can be genetic or arising out of early childhood/fetal development
Symptoms of psychotic disorders
Delusions Hallucinations Disorganized thinking Grossly disorganized/abnormal motor behaviour Negative
Positive symptoms
Present. Too much functioning. Delusions.
Negative symptoms
Absence. Too little functioning. Flat emotional responses
Schizophrenia
Lasts at least 6 months and includes at least one month of active phase symptoms that could include delusions hallucinations, disorder
Schizophreniform disorder
Where the individual experience the symptoms of schizophrenia for a period of only 1-6m
Schizoaffective disorder
Where a person experiences a mood episode, such as depression or mania, at the same time that he/she is exhibiting symptoms of schizophrenia, such as hallucinations
Delusional disorder
Marked by delusions that are considered none bizarre, if they are based on things that could actually happen
Brief psychotic disorder
Is an episode of psychoactive symptoms that lasts between one day and one month
Substance-induced disorder
A disorder where the psychotic symptoms are judged to be a direct physiological consequences of taking a psychoactive drug
Major depressive disorder
A period of intense depressed mood and/or loss of interest in activities that persists for at least 2 weeks and is accompanied by at least 4 additional symptoms
Persistant depressive disorder
Chronic depressed mood that persists for at least 2 years and is accompanied by at least 2 of…
Bipolar I disorder
Experience at least 1 manic episode and elevated mood that persists for at least 1 week and is accompanied by last least 3/7 symptoms
Bipolar II disorder
Experience at least 1 major depressive episode and at least 1 hypomanic disorder, abnormally elevated mood for at least 4 days and is accompanied by 3/7 additional manic symptoms
Cyclothymic disorder
Long term (2 years) cycling of moods that alternate between depressed and mild hypomanic states
Major depressive disorder
Mood disorder characterized by significant, persistant feelings of sadness and hopelessness accompanied by symptoms such as a loss of appetite, significant changes in sleep patterns
Persistant depressive disorder
Characterized by depressive symptoms that have been present for at least 2 years
Disruptive mood dysregulation
Children between 7-18 months characterized by irritability and severe recurrent outbursts of temper that aren’t consistent with age/situation
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Dysphoria begins a week prior to menses. 5/11 symptoms must be present (related to mood)
Hypomanic
Abnormally elevated mood that persists for at least 4 days
Contributions to depressiong
Some people appraise situations positively, others more negatively and those appraisals affect their mood
Depression often runs in families
