Week 11 Flashcards
Method of Loci
Method of memory enhancement that uses visual information to organize and recall information. Items are remembered based of associations with specific locations
3 Components of memory
Encoding
Storage
Retrival
Encoding
The process by which perceptions, thoughts and feelings are transformed into memory
Storage
The process maintaining information in memory overtime
Retrival
The process by which information that was previously encoded and stored is brought to mind
Schema
Metal framework or body of knowledge that organizes and synthesizes information about a person/place/thing
Types of processing
Structural
Acoustic
Sematic
Structural
When participant though about words appearance
Acoustic
Thought about sound
Sematic
Thought about their meaning
Levels of processing effect
The strength of the memory trace (degree to which it has been encoded to be stored and retrieved) depends on how extensively the information is processed at encoding
Elaborative encoding
Actively relating new knowledge to knowledge already stored in memory
Chunking
Grouping items in memory, such that individual terms are grouped into larger assemblies
Mnemonics
Special techniques/strategies consciously employed in an attempt to use memory
Two types of sensory memory
Auditory
Visual
Auditory (ethoic)
Form of sensory memory for sounds that have just been perceived
Visual (iconic)
Form of sensory memory that holds a brief visual image of a scene that has just been perceived
Maintenance rehearsal
Role of repetition of the information; repeating a given item over and over again
Photological short term memory
Short term memory for verbal information
Primacy effect
Tendency to remember earlier information in a series of information
Recency effect
Tendency to recall later information in a series of information
Serial position curve
Plots memorability as a function of position in the list
N-back task
Task in which items are presented one at a time and participants must identify each item that represents relative to the item that occured
Types of Long-Term Memory
Explicit
Implicit