Week 2 Misc Flashcards
When is Sepsis diagnosed?
- Only confimred when the evidence becomes available, normally on discharge.
After what NEWS2 score should sepsis be considered?
- 5+
What is the average increase in mortality rate for every hour antibiotics are delayed?
7.6%
Define “DIC”
Disseminated intravascular coagulation, Where the activation of the coagulation system causes thrombi to build in the small blood vessles.
Define “Sepsis”.
Life threatening organ dysfunction caused by a disregulated host response to infection.
What are the 3 key considerations when assessing and treating septic patients?
- Increased index of suspicsion
- Early recognition
- Rapid transport to ED.
When assessing a Pt who has been under oncology for the last 12 month, which screening tool should be used?
UKCONS
What are the risk factors that may indicate new borns becoming Septic?
- History of fever during labour
- History of previous children acquiring sepsis
- History of ruptured membranes during labour
Which groups are at High risk of sepsis?
- <1 or >75
- Immuno-compromised
- Recent surgery
- Breech of skin integrity
- IV Drug users
- Indwelling lines (Catheters ect)
- Pregnant women
What is the mortality rate in neutropenic septic adults?
21%
How long after Chemotherapy is a patient at risk of neutropenic sepsis?
Most susceptible for up to 10 days
6-8 weeks following treatment
What are the main red flags/ recognition features for neutropenic sepsis?
- Tachypneoia
- Tachycardia
- Hypotension
- > 37.5
- Pleuritic chest pain
- Shivering
- Catheter site infections
Define “Drowning”.
The process resulting in primary respiratory impairment from submersion or immersion in a liquid medium
Define “Immersion”.
Refers to the patient being covered in a liquid mediu, likely to cause hypothermia and cardiovascular collapse.
Define “Submersion”.
When the entire body including airway, under the liquid medium, with asphyxia and hypoxia being the main concerns.
Why do people take a breath when submerged in water?
When someone holds their breath, their CO2 inceases, body drives to need take a breath.
What is the purpose of larygospasam?
To prevent water entering the lungs
What damage occurs to the lungs following a drowning?
- increased permeability of the alveolr-capillary membranes
- Increased movement of fluid, plasma and electrolytes
- Reduced gaseous exchange
- Development of pulmonary odeama
What is the best position to keep a PT in when extricating post drowning?
- Laid flat too prevent postural drops.
Define “hypercarbic”.
- Someone with a high PaCO2.
What would be the next step if a PT was found with AF and asymptomatic?
- Referral to GP if otherwise well
At what diastolic pressure should a pregnant PT be considered as at risk for pre-eclampsia?
90+
If someone is hypertensive but asymptomatic where do they need to be referred?
- Own GP within 7 days, same day GP if 180/120
When a PT presents with a Blood glucose of between 9-17, where do they need to be referred if not transporting to hospital?
- Own GP within 3 days
