Nervous system A and P Flashcards
What is the nervous system responsible for?
Responsible for the control of voluntary and involuntary actions of the body.
What are the main functions of the nervous system?
- Sensory - Perception
- Information transfer and processing
- Motor function
What kind of nerves travel from the receptors to the CNS?
Afferent
What type of nerves travel from the CNS to the motor neurones?
Efferent
How many cranial nerve pairs are there?
- 12 pairs
How many pairs of nerves are found in the spine?
31 pairs
What are the main components of a nerve cell?
- Axons
- Dendrites
- Schwann Cells
- Nodes of ranvier
Define “Neurogita”.
A special type of connective tissue that supports neurons.
Define “Ganglia”.
Grey matter outside of the CNS
Where are Dendrites found?
- Input end of the neurone
- Multiple per neuron
Where does the Axon carry the impulse?
Away from the cell body.
What are the nodes of Ranvier?
Narrow, non insulating parts of a neurone that impulses jump between.
What are the key properties of a neurotransmitter?
- Synthesised by nerve cells
- Transported by nerve cells
- Released in response to an impulse
What is the function of neuralgia?
- To provide structural support for cells.
- To create a blood brain barrier, restricting movement of substances between blood and tissue.
What are the 4 main parts of the brain?
- Cerebellum
- Brainstem
- Diacephalon
- Cerebrum
How many hemispheres are found in the cerrebrum?
2
How many lobes are found in the cerebrum?
4
What is the cerebrum responsible for?
- Complex functions
- Perception of sensory information
What are the 2 components of the diacephalon?
- Hypothalamus
- Thalamus
What is the function of the thalamus?
- Interprets sensory information
What are the functions of the hypothalaus?
- Thermoregulation
- Regulates food intake
- Regulates behavioural patterns and circadian rhythm
-controls and integrates autonomic nervous systems.
Where is the cerebellum located?
- Posterior to the medulla
- Inferior to the occipital lobe
what is the function of the cerebellum ?
- Coordinates complex and skilled movements
What does the brain stem consist of?
- Mid-brain
- Pons
- Medulla oblongata
What does the mid brain consist of?
The ascending and desending nerve tracts connecting the upper brain to the lower brain stem.
