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AAP Upskill > Airway management and capnography > Flashcards

Airway management and capnography Flashcards

1
Q

What are the causes of airway obstruction?

A

Foreign bodies - Blood, teeth ect
Laryngeal - Spasam/ Obstruction
Bronchaeil - Secreations, spams and odoema

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2
Q

What does a silent chest indicate?

A

Complete obstruction

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3
Q

What noises indicate a partial obstruction?

A

Gurgling, Striddor, Wheeze and snoringn

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4
Q

What noise is likely to indicate a lower airway obstruction?

A

Wheeze

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5
Q

What are the key steps of treating a PT who is chocking, but still conscious?

A
  • Encourage to cough
  • 5 back slaps
  • 5 Abdominal thrusts
  • Repeat until unconscious or obstruction removed
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6
Q

What is the correct position to deliver a back slap?

A
  • Slightly bent over, with the arm to support to pt.
  • Using the palm of the hand slap between the PT shoulder blades.
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7
Q

When would you complete chest thrusts instead of abdominal thrusts?

A

In paediatrics under 1.

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8
Q

What may be caused by CNS depression?

A
  • Loss of airway patency
  • Loss of protective reflexes
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9
Q

How would you inspect the oropharynx?

A

Using a cross finger technique

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10
Q

What are the methods of clearing an airway?

A
  • Suction
  • Postural drainage
  • Magill forceps
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11
Q

What are the 2 sizes of larygoscope blades?

A

Mac 2 - Child
Mac 4 - Adult

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12
Q

What are the disadvantages of suction?

A
  • Further oral trauma
  • Further push obstruction
  • Cause bradycardia due to the stimulation of the vagus nerve
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13
Q

What type of suction catheter should be used whilst te vehicle is in motion?

A
  • Soft tip
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14
Q

What pressure should be used when using suction on paediatrics?

A

<120mmhg

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15
Q

What are the indications for Laryngoscopy?

A
  • Unconscious Pt, with a foreign body to ocluding the airway.
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16
Q

What are the contraindications for larygoscopy?

A
  • if the Pt can cough
  • Conscious patients
17
Q

How is an OPA measured?

A

From the patients incisors to the jaw

18
Q

How is an NPA measured?

A

From the nose to the tragus

19
Q

Under what age do you not invert an OPA and why?

A

Under 8’s due to the development of the soft pallet

20
Q

What are the contra indications for an NPA?

A
  • Recurrent epistaxisis
  • Nasal polyps
  • Not tolerated
  • under 12’s (Due to adenoids)
21
Q

What sizes of Igel are used in paediatrics and neonates?

A
  • Neonates - Pink (Size- 1)
  • Paediatrics - Grey (Size - 2)
22
Q

What weight of patient is indicated for a size 5 (Orange) Igel?

A
  • 90+ kg
23
Q

What weight of patient is indicated for a size 3 (Yellow) Igel?

A

30 - 60kg

24
Q

What what of patient is indicated for a size 4 (Green) Igel?

A

50-90kg

25
Q

Where does the cuff of the Igel seat?

A
  • Proximal larygopharynx
26
Q

What should be checked once the Igel is inserted?

A
  • Look for rise and fall of the chest
  • Auscultate the chest
  • Confirm EtCO2
27
Q

What 2 procedures can be used to assist with intubation?

A
  • BURP
  • Cricoid pressure
28
Q

What are the 2 types of BVM Grip ?

A
  • CE
  • 2 Person grip
29
Q

How is a tidal volume calculated on a parapack?

A

7ml per kg of person

30
Q

What needs to be altered if the parapac presents with a high pressure alarm?

A
  • Decrease tidal volume
  • Check for obstruction
31
Q

Define “Capnohraphy”

A

The measurement of CO2 in the expired breath.

32
Q

Define “Capnometry”

A

The numeric measurement of CO2

33
Q

Define “End tidal CO2”.

A

The level of PaCo2 released at the end of expiration (In kPa)

34
Q

What is the normal range for end tidal Co2?

A

4.5-6

35
Q

What does the box waveform demonstate?

A
  • Good placement of airway
  • Confirmation of adequate compressions
  • Effective ventialtions
36
Q

What factors effect EtCo2?

A
  • Cell metabolism
  • Venous return
  • Pulmonary circulation
  • Pulmonary Ventilation.
37
Q

What does a prolonged respiratory phase (Shark fin) show?

A
  • Astha/COPD
  • Slow Exhalation
38
Q
A

AAP Upskill (28 decks)

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