W5- Lecture 25- ketogenesis

Question 1

ketogenesis takes place when glycogenesis diverts what compound for production ?

Answer 1

oxaloacetate

Question 2

ketogenesis takes place when glycogenesis diverts a compound for production, what other compound builds up?

Answer 2

Acetyl-CoA

Question 3

name two ketone bodies produced from Acetyl-CoA

Answer 3

acetoacetate

beta-hydroxybutyrate

Question 4

describe how the ketone bodies are converted back into Acetyl-CoA

Answer 4

1)Beta-hydroxybutyrate is oxidised to acetoacetate
catalysed by beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase
conversting NAD+ to NADH & H+
2)Acetoacetate then receives a CoA from succinyl-coA
catalysed by beta-ketoacyl-CoA transferase (enzyme not found in liver)
producing Succinate + Acetoacetyl-CoA
3)Cleavage of the acetoacetyl-coA to 2x acetyl-coA
catalysed by Acyl-CoA acetyltransferase
with addition of CoA

Question 5

what is one issue with increased concentrations of acetoacetate & beta-hydroxybutyrate in the blood ?

Answer 5

can lead to drop in blood pH
symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and stomach pains
also delirium and comatose symptoms