W10- Lecture 53- Functions of the Respiratory system Flashcards
name the 5 functions of the respiratory system
Temperature regulation
Humidification
Immune function
Gas exchange
Acid base balance
describe how the respiratory system helps temperature regulation
When exercising body temperature increases as does the ventilation rate and depth of breathing.
Deeper faster breathing voids more warm air replacing it with cold air so helps in lowering blood temperature during exercise
(important for dissociation of 02)
describe how the respiratory system helps Humidification
Dry air may damage the cells within the alveoli and promote loss of alveola fluid
Prevented by mucus secreting goblet cells along the majority of the respiratory tract.
describe how the respiratory system helps Immune function (both innate and adaptive mechanisms )
innate mechanisms : Turbulent flow Filtration Mucus secretion Capture and destruction
Adaptive mechanisms:
Lymphatic tissue
Antigen presentation
Activation of immune cells
name the structures in the respiratory membrane
Alveolar fluid Type 1 alveolar cells Alveolar basement membrane Interstitial space Capillary basement membrane Capillary squamous type endothelial cells
describe how the respiratory system helps acid-base balance
normal body ph
when does it become fatal
Normal pH range is about 7.35 - 7.45
pH below 7.35 - called acidosis
pH above 7.45 - called alkalosis
Deviations from this denature proteins becomes fatal at pH of below 6.8 and above 7.7
what is the Alveolar partial pressure of carbon dioxide maintained after exhalation
around 5%.
what is the relation with partial pressure of carbon dioxide and ph
inversely proportional
As partial pressure of CO2 goes up pH goes down aka acidosis
