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CNS Study Final > Vitamin & Mineral Functions > Flashcards

Vitamin & Mineral Functions Flashcards

1
Q

Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)

A

Anti-oxidant,
Collagen synthesis,
Neurotransmitter synthesis,
Cofactor to iron and copper

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2
Q

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)

A

Co-enzyme in energy production

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3
Q

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

A

Anti-oxidant,

Co-enzyme in energy production

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4
Q

Vitamin B3 (Niacin)

A

Anti-oxidant,
Co-enzyme in energy production
Synthesized by tryptophan in the body

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5
Q

Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)

A

Coenzyme A

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6
Q

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

A 
Amino acid metabolism
Hemoglobin synthesis, 
Production of 
dopamine and serotonin
Effective in treating hereditary sideroblastic anemia, hyperhomocystenemia, hypertension and pregnancy-induced nausea.
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7
Q

Vitamin B7 (Biotin)

A

Co-enzyme function in energy metabolism

CO2 transfer

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8
Q

Vitamin B9 (Folate)

A

Co-enzyme activity

Involved in amino acid & nucleic acid metabolism Conversion of homocysteine (for cardio- vascular health)

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9
Q

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)

A

Energy production,
Hemoglobin synthesis
Methylation of homocysteine

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10
Q

Vitamin A (Retinoids & Carotenoids)

A 
Vision, 
Cellular differentiation
Growth 
Reproduction 
Bone and immune development
Prevention of atherosclerosis
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11
Q

Vitamin D (Calciferol)

A

Bone health
Immune health
Blood pressure regulation
Cell differentiation,

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12
Q

Vitamin E (Tocopherol/ Tocotrienol)

A

Eye health (cataract prevention)
Anti-oxidant function to lipids,
Reduces risk of cancers,
Cell signaling & gene expression

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13
Q

Vitamin K (Phylloquinone- dietary, Menaquinone- endogenous)

A

Coagulation of blood

Bone & cartilage health

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14
Q

Calcium

A 
Structural component of bones & teeth, 
Aids muscle contractions, 
Blood clotting, 
Enzyme activation
dyspepsia and hyperkalemia
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15
Q

Magnesium

A

Bone health,
Nerve signal transmission,
Protein synthesis,
Enzyme cofactors

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16
Q

Potassium

A

pH balance,
Water & electrolyte balance,
Cell membrane transfer
helps with kidney stones (alkaline)

17
Q

Sodium

A 
Maintain body water balance
Electrolyte regulation, 
pH balance, 
Nerve signaling, 
Muscle contraction
18
Q

Chloride

A 
Maintain pH balance
Enzyme activation, 
Part of gastric HCl acid,
modulates gene expression
cell membrane signaling
lipid transport and metabolism
Early brain development
19
Q

Sulfur

A

Amino acid component,
Vitamin B1 and B7 support,
Connective tissue,
Joint cartilage, tendons, ligaments

20
Q

Phosphorus

A 
For structure of bones & teeth, 
Cell membrane health, 
DNA & RNA component, 
Nerve conduction, 
Heart beat regularity, 
Muscle contraction
21
Q

Zinc

A 
Aids nutrient metabolism, 
Collagen formation, 
Alcohol detox, 
CO2 elimination, 
Cell replication, 
Sex maturation
22
Q

Iron

A 
Red blood cell O2 transport, 
Amino acid (protein) metabolism, 
Antioxidant for carnitine, 
Collagen
Thyroid hormone synth.
23
Q

Copper

A

Aids iron use,
synthesis of collagen,
pigment and neurotransmitters

24
Q

Iodine

A

Thyroid hormone synthesis

25
Q

Selenium

A

Protects against hydrogen peroxide and free radicals
Thyroid hormone production
Antioxidant that targets natural hydrogen peroxide in the body and coverts it to water.

26
Q

Manganese

A 
Brain function, 
collagen & bone growth, 
urea synthesis., 
glucose and lipid metabolism., 
Central nervous system function
Cofactor for acetyl CoA carboxylase, pyruvate carboxylase, super oxide disumatase
27
Q

Chromium

A

Glucose intolerance

28
Q

Fluoride

A

Teeth and bone formation

29
Q

Molybdenum

A

Metabolism of purines, pteridines, pyrimidines, aldehydes; oxidation

30
Q

Which of the following vitamins can be synthesized by tryptophan in the body?

a. Vitamin A
b. Vitamin B2
c. Vitamin B5
d. Vitamin B3

A

d. Vitamin B3

31
Q

Manganese is a cofactor for all of the following enzymes except:

a. acetyl CoA carboxylase
b. transketolase
c. pyruvate carboxylase
d. super oxide disumatase

A

b. transketolase

CNS Study Final (29 decks)

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