Metabolism of Nutrients Flashcards
Metabolism involves
A) only the processes that break down large molecules in the body
B) only the processes that build up large molecules in the body
C) all of the processes that both break down and build up molecules in the body
D) only the processes that break down small molecules in the body
E) None are correct
C) all of the processes that both break down and build up molecules in the body
Which best describes catabolism?
A) The building of biomolecules
B) The breakdown and building of biomolecules
C) The breakdown of biomolecules
D) All of the processes that occur in the stomach
E) The building of muscle mass
C) The breakdown of biomolecules
Which would NOT you associate with anabolism?
A) All are correct B) Creating new cells C) Creating ATP during cellular respiration D) Building muscle mass E) Mineralization of bone
C) Creating ATP during cellular respiration
ATP is created during _______ reactions, and used during _______ reactions.
A) catabolic, metabolic B) metabolic, anabolic C) anabolic, catabolic D) anabolic, metabolic E) catabolic, anabolic
E) catabolic, anabolic
If you ate a very large meal, which form of metabolism would likely take over to help you obtain nutrients from the food?
A) Digestion B) Steroids C) Anabolism D) Catabolism E) Metabolism
D) Catabolism
What is the term used to describe the process of converting non–carbohydrate molecules, like amino acids into glucose?
A) Gluconeogenesis B) Phosphorylation C) Glycolysis D) Glycogenolysis E) Lipogenesis F)
A) Gluconeogenesis
If your feast contains a lot of carbohydrates, but your body does not need immediate energy, it will store glucose in the muscles and liver as what?
A) Macronutrients B) Glycogen C) Metabolites D) Adipose Tissue E) Ketone Bodies
B) Glycogen
Excessive amino acids from the proteins you eat don’t really have a storage space in the body. So, what happens to them?
A) They tend to escape the body through sweat
B) They tend to get flushed out in feces
C) They form harmful protein deposits on the kidneys
D) They tend to get broken down for energy
E) They remain in the digestive tract until needed
D) They tend to get broken down for energy
What happens to excessive glucose after glycogen stores are filled up?
A) It gets flushed from the body in urine
B) It gets converted into fat and stored in adipose tissue
C) It clogs the arteries
D) It becomes toxic
E) It breaks down into urea
B) It gets converted into fat and stored in adipose tissue
Which of the following compounds are produced as byproducts from the breakdown of fatty acids and can be used by your cells for energy?
A) Lipases B) Glycogen Molecules C) Adipose Cells D) Amino Acids E) Ketone Bodies
E) Ketone Bodies
Which type of phosphorylation can take place in the cytoplasm or in the mitochondrial matrix?
A) Neither Substrate–Level or Oxidative Phosphorylation
B) Oxidative Phosphorylation
C) Substrate–Level Phosphorylation
D) Both Substrate–Level and Oxidative Phosphorylation
E) Kreb’s Phosphorylation
F)
C) Substrate–Level Phosphorylation
While some ATP can be made in the cytoplasm, most is made inside of which of the following cellular bodies?
A) The Ribosomes B) The Mitochondria C) The Nucleus D) The Membrane E) The Golgi Apparatus F)
B) The Mitochondria
During oxidative phosphorylation, protons escape through this enzyme that helps phosphorylation of ADP to ATP.
A) Lipase B) Adenosine Phosphatase C) ATP Substrate D) Hydrogen Synthase E) ATP Synthase
E) ATP Synthase
Which type of phosphorylation involves the Electron Transport Chain?
A) Both Substrate–Level and Oxidative Phosphorylation B) Redox Phosphorylation C) Oxidative Phosphorylation D) The Citric Acid Cycle E) Substrate–Level Phosphorylation
C) Oxidative Phosphorylation
Which of the following is the molecule that supplies energy for metabolic processes within your cells?
A) Adenosine phosphate B) Mitochondria C) ATP synthase D) Glycogen E) Adenosine triphosphate
E) Adenosine triphosphate
When carbohydrates are eaten, your digestive system breaks them down into simple sugars known as what?
A) Glycogen B) Glucose C) Lipids D) Amino acids E) Glucocytes
B) Glucose
Which processes will increase the glucose level in the blood?
A) Gluconeogenesis and Glycogenolysis B) Gluconeogenesis and Glycogenesis C) None of these answers are correct D) Gluconeogenesis, Glycogenolysis and Glycogenesis E) Gluconeogenesis and Glycogenesis
A) Gluconeogenesis and Glycogenolysis
Which of the following is defined as the creation of new glucose from molecules that are not carbohydrates, such as proteins and lipids?
A) Gluconeogenesis B) Glyconeolysis C) Glycolysis D) Glycogenesis E) Glycogenolysis
A) Gluconeogenesis
Which process is occurring when your body pulls glycogen out of storage and breaks it down into glucose?
A) Glycogenolysis B) Glycogenesis C) Both Glycogenesis and Gluconeogenesis D) Gluconeogenesis E) Both Gluconeogenesis and Glycogenolysis
A) Glycogenolysis
If you eat a carbohydrate–rich meal your body will move the excess glucose out of your blood and into storage as glycogen. What is this process called?
A) Glucose synthesis B) Glycogenesis C) Glycogenolysis D) Glycolysis E) Gluconeogenesis
B) Glycogenesis
Which of the following terms is used to describe the process by which information in a DNA is copied into a new format?
A) Translation B) Transfer C) Xeroxing D) Transcription E) Synthesis
D) Transcription
Which of the following terms is used to describe the process by which ribosomes create proteins from information contained in mRNA?
A) Lipogenesis B) Translation C) Metabolism D) Gluconeogenesis E) Transcription
B) Translation
