Virology: Transmission and Control

Question 1

How does Nipah Virus disseminate in the host?

Answer 1

1. It enters the epithelium of the respiratory or digestive tract
2. enters the APC’s in the epithelium
3. gets drained into the lymphatic vessels
4. enters lymphoid organs
5. enters blood vessels
6. can then enter into multiple organs

Question 2

What is the definition of viremia?

Answer 2

The presence of a virus in the blood

Question 3

What is passive viremia?

Answer 3

The virus has entered the blood without any replication

Question 4

What is secondary viremia?

Answer 4

Relates to the secondary site of replication
Often where the target cell is

Question 5

How can a virus be transported in the blood?

Answer 5

• Either as a free virus
• taken up by cells
• attached to cells
• in the cell membrane

Question 6

How can a virus be transmitted by inhalation

Answer 6

• Both the virus exit (shedding) and virus entry (infection) need to match
• Amount being shed and dosage also need to match

Question 7

What is the cytopathic effect?

Answer 7

Structural changes in a host cell that occur after viral invasion