Intro to histopathology Flashcards
What are some examples of things that stain purple?
anything acidic
- Nucleic acids (ribosomes)
- Mineral
- Proteoglycans
- Mucin
- Mast Cell Granules
What are some examples of things that stain pink?
anything basic
- collagen/fibrin
- proteins
- cytoplasmic filaments
- eosinophil granules
What are five processes that could lead to a lesion?
- Disturbance of growth
- Inflammation
- Cell death
- Vascular disturbance
- Accumulations
What are the 4 types of cells that make up a neoplasm?
- Epithelial
- Mesenchymal
- Round Cells
- Neuroendocrine
What is the definition of a choriostoma?
The growth of normal tiss
What are some features of acute inflammation histologically?
- Infiltration of neutrophils
- fluid, proteins, edema…
- haemorrhage
- fibrin exudate
What are some features of chronic inflammation histologically?
- lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells
- granulation tissue and fibrosis
What two general features are common to cell death?
- Increased eosinophillia due to loss of nucleic acids and denatured proteins
- Nuclear alterations (pyknosis, karyorrhexis, karyolysis)
What are two differences betwee necrosis and apoptosis?
Necrosis- cell swelling and incites an inflammatory response
Apoptosis- Cell shrinkage with a minimal inflammatory response
What does the tissue architecture look like in coagulative necrosis?
The architecture is usually maintained, typically due to ischemia
What is the function of myeloperoxidase in neutrophils?
Helps contribute to liquefaction (liquefactive necrosis)
What is pyknosis?
When the nucleus condenses and becomes dark
What four things are considered vascular disturbance?
- Thrombosis
- Haemorrhage
- Congestion
- Oedema
What is a Thromboembolus?
abnormal material in a blood vessel
What are some examples of accumulations?
- Lipid
- Glycogen
- Mineral
- Amyloid
- pigments
- Haemosiderin
- Haematoidin
- Lipofuscin
- Melanin
