VIROLOGY - OVERVIEW

Question 2

evidence of viral diseases exist in ancient records dating back to as far as ___ BC

Answer 2

23

Question 3

evidence of viral diseases exist in ancient records dating back to as far as 23 BC when _____ code of mesopotamia noted “bite of nad dogs to affect disease on humans “

Answer 3

eschunna code

Question 4

who is the author of the iliad whom characterizes Hector as “rabid”

Answer 4

homer

Question 5

aristotle’s work, ________, written in the 4th century BC describes a madness in dogs that causes them to become very irritable and all mammals they bite become diseased

Answer 5

the natural history of man

Question 6

the writings from 23 bc mesopotamia - eschunna code as well as the “natural history of man” written by aristotle which is about the madness in dogs that causes individual to become irritable and cause disease is clearly referring to what virus

Answer 6

rabies

Question 7

viruses that established a long term relationship with their host were the first to become adapted to coevolution with the human race.

di agad nila pinapatay, and the use it to evolve.

some of these earliest viruses were believed to be ______ such as __ and __

Answer 7

retroviruses such as herpes virus and papillomaviruses

Question 8

the transmission of virus from animals to humans still occurs, and is demonstrated in the recent event from the past years, what is it?

Answer 8

SARS - severe acute respiratory syndrome, west nile, and influenza A H5 viruses, 2009 H1N1

Question 9

formerly known as the pandemic swine flu

Answer 9

2009 H1N1 virus

Question 10

the deadliest viruses to affect humans

Answer 10

influenza virus

Question 11

influenza is named to indicate disease resulting from the influence of miasma “bad air”

Answer 11

influenza

Question 12

miasma means

Answer 12

bad air

Question 13

the emergence of a new viral disease across a very large geographic region with prolonged human to human transmission is called

Answer 13

pandemic

Question 14

to date, most of the pandemics recorded gave been caused by what virus

Answer 14

influenza virus

Question 15

pandemic caused by influenza results upon the reassortment of genes combined with those of another organism, usually an animal.

This process will result or emerge as a completely new or novel virus

this process is called as

Answer 15

genetic shift

Question 16

this process is called as ___ which the genetic changes in viral genomes is the main cause

this refers to major changes that result in novel viral antigens

Answer 16

antigenic shift

Question 17

this process is called as ___ which the genetic changes in viral genomes is the main cause

this refers to minor changes to the genetic info of the virus

Answer 17

antigenic drift

Question 18

one of the most deadly outbreak of influenza was the ___

Answer 18

spanish flu pandemic in 1918 and 1919

Question 19

this pandemic was associated with the infection with a novel influenza virus of avian origin

Answer 19

spanish flu in 1918-1919

Question 20

spanish flu is responsible to how many deaths worldwide and in US

Answer 20

50 million worldwide
500, 000 deaths in US

Question 21

what is so different in influenza virus pandemic to others

Answer 21

it can infect young and healthy individuals not just newborn and elderly

Question 22

____ has proven to be a valuable tool in the control of viral diseases such as yellow fever and rabies and has been instrumental in the eradication of one of the most lethal viruses

Answer 22

(immunization) vaccination

Question 23

most lethal virus

Answer 23

small pox

Question 24

since what year we discover 50 new viruses, making prevention and control more and more difficult

Answer 24

1988