VIROLOGY - ROTAVIRUS, RETROVIRIDAE, RHABDOVIRIDAE Flashcards
CHARACTERISTIC OF A ROTAVIRUS
Segmented, double-stranded, ribonucleic
acid (RNA) genome; icosahedral
capsid with no envelope
rotavirus are first isolated from respiratory and enteric specimens and therefore are referred to as respiratory-enteric-orphan viruses
respiratory-enteric-orphan viruses
the respiratory-enteric-orphan viruses is named to rotavirus, why is called orphan?
the term orphan originally was included in the description of the virus as a result of the absence of an associated disease when the viruses were first described
Reoviruses infect most __ species and are readily detected in water contaminated with animal feces
mammalian
ROTAVIRUS OF COLORADO TICK FEVER
-composed of how many concentric protein shell
three - (outer, inner, and the core)
ROTAVIRUS are classified into how many groups
7
gastroenteritis caused by rotavirus can occur in children from ____to __ years old/
6 months to 3
MOT of rotavirus
FECO-ORAL ROUTE, although airborne is suspected as the cause of nosocomial infections and outbreaks in nursing homes, hospitals, and day care centers
clinical manifestation of rotaviruses
characterized by sudden vomiting, followed by explosive diarrhea, and moderate to high fever, accompanied by dehydration
retroviridae’s characteristic
Single-stranded, ribonucleic acid (RNA) genome; icosahedral capsid with envelope; reverse transcriptase converts
genomic RNA into deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
constitutes a large group of viruses that primarily infect vertebrates.
RETROVIRUSES
HIV has an affinity for the
-_ of T lymphocytes
CD4+ surface marker
HTLV-1 endemic in the
Caribbean, Africa, South and Central America, Melanesia, and Japan
Cell-to-cell contact and TAX-induced clonal expansion of infected cells are the major avenues for viral replication, making detection of the virus difficult.
HTLV-1
has remained the gold standard for diagnosis of HTVL-1
serologic detection
RHABDOVIRIDAE’s structure
Single-stranded, ribonucleic acid (RNA)
genome; helical capsid with envelope,
bullet-shaped
rabies virus can Infect __
plants, arthropods, fish, mammals
rabies virus has spike-like projections approx. ___ nm, long extend from the surface of the lipid bilayer.
10
rabies virus, EM microscopy shows __appearance
bullet-shaped or conical
neutropic virus that infects all mammals ; with very few exceptions, infection terminates in the death of the infected mammal.
rabies virus
rabies virus is transmitted through the __ of infected animals, usually bite.
saliva
rabies virus
Only how many cases of survival of a rabies infection have been documented
worldwide
six
In 2004, Randy Willoughby
developed a treatment protocol for rabies referred to as The ___
Milwaukee Protocol
2 CLINICAL PRESENTATION of rabies virus
dumb and furious
Rabies is diagnosed by postmortem examination of
brain tissue using a ______ assay
direct immunofluorescent
