Viral Infections Flashcards
What is the viral structure of the herpes virus? (2)
- Enveloped
- dsDNA
Name the 3 Alpha-Herpes viruses
- HSV1
- HSV2
- VZV
Name the 4 Beta-Herpes viruses
- CMV
- HHV6
- HHV7
- Simian herpes 8
Name the 2 Gamma-Herpes viruses
- EBV
- HHV8
How does HSV1 work?
What can reactivate this virus?
- Infects epithelial cells
- HSV1 sheds lipid coat and the DNA migrates down the nerve axon
- Triggers such as trauma reactivate the virus
What are the causative viruses of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis?
HSV1 & HSV2
Clinical features of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis?
Dental (3)
General (3)
- Blood crusted lips
- Widespread oral painful ulcers
- Swollen gingiva
- Fever
- Headache
- Cervical lymphadenopathy
Treatment of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis? (4)
- Reassurance
- Limit lip/mouth contact
- Chlorhexidine mouthwash
- Acyclovir
Herpes Labialis;
Clinical features
Triggers (5)
Treatment (3)
- Burning and tingling followed by erosion of vesicles around mouth
- Sunlight, Trauma, Stress, Fever, Menstruation
- Education, Acyclovir, Suncream
What are the sidemen HSV clinical presentations? (3)
- Eczema herpeticum
- Erythema multiforme
- Herpetic whitlow
Chickenpox;
Causative virus?
Prevalence?
Transmission?
Incubation period?
- VZV
- 90% of adults have antibodies to the virus
- Direct contact or droplet
- 14 days
What is shingles?
Where does the virus stay dormant?
- Reactivation of VZV after being latent
- In the dorsal root ganglia
What may be prescribed to treat shingles?
Why is it important to prescribe ASAP?
- Acyclovir (800mg five times a day for 7-10 days)
- Reduce likelihood of post-herpetic neuralgia
What is Ramsay Hunt syndrome caused by?
VZV affecting a facial motor nerve
What are the clinical presentations of Ramsay Hunt syndrome? (3)
- Ipsilateral LMN facial palsy
- Rash in the external ear
- Loss of taste sensation of anterior 2/3 of tongue
