Vessels and Nerves of the Upper Limb

Question 1

how does the artery of the upper limb begin?

Answer 1

as the subclavian artery above the clavicle

Question 2

when does the subclavian become the axillary artery?

Answer 2

when it runs under the clavicle and through axilla

Question 3

what happens when the teres major crosses the back of the scapula to anterior part of humerus?

Answer 3

axillary artery turns to brachial

Question 4

what is at risk in penetrative injuries to the axilla?

Answer 4

axillary artery

Question 5

where is the brachial artery palpable?

Answer 5

antecubital fossa

Question 6

which arteries are at risk when the surgical neck of the humerus is fractured?

Answer 6

the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries

Question 7

where does the deep artery of the arm arise?

Answer 7

brachial artery and runs into the posterior compartment where the triceps are

Question 8

what does the brachial artery split into?

Answer 8

the radial and ulnar

Question 9

what are there between the brachial and ulnar arteries?

Answer 9

collateral arteries that provide a route if the main route is blocked

Question 10

which artery is found in the antecubital fossa?

Answer 10

the common interosseous to the posterior forearm and makes the anterior and posterior interosseous arteries

Question 11

which branches of arteries supply the hand?

Answer 11

branches of the radial and the ulnar arteries

Question 12

what is a characteristic of these?

Answer 12

the anastamose with each other

Question 13

what are the arches called and formed from?

Answer 13

superficial palmar arch from the larger branch of ulnar and a branch of radial, and deep palmar arch from larger branch of radial and smaller branch of ulnar

Question 14

what are digital arteries?

Answer 14

small artery that runs up side of each finger

Question 15

how many systems of veins are there?

Answer 15

deep and superficial

Question 16

what are the main superficial veins?

Answer 16

cephalic vein on lateral side and basilic on the medial that run up forearm and through antecubital fossa, the medial cubital vein at antecubital fossa to communicate between the two veins

Question 17

what are the characteristics of superficial veins?

Answer 17

the major superficial veins are in back of hand, and form the dorsal venous network, and then drain into the two major veins. The basilic will run into arm and goes deeper and then continues as axillary which is then joint by cephalic further up.

Question 18

what are the characteristics of the deep veins?

Answer 18

they run up the hand into the forearm, as they come up they drain in towards the basilic where it becomes deep. They drain into axillary and follow arteries

Question 19

where do the nerves of the UL arise?

Answer 19

brachial plexus

Question 20

what does the radial nerve innervate?

Answer 20

triceps and muscles in posterior compartment of arm and forearm and splits into the posterior interosseous and superficial branch

Question 21

what does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate?

Answer 21

biceps, brachialis and coracobrachialis

Question 22

where does the median nerve go?

Answer 22

straight through arm without innervating anything into the forearm, it runs alongside the brachial artery through antecubital fossa

Question 23

what does median nerve do just below elbow?

Answer 23

it gives off the anterior interosseous branch, gives off smaller branches that supply the FCR, FCU, Pl and PT

Question 24

what is the main stem of median nerve called?

Answer 24

median nerve proper?

Question 25

what does the recurrent branch of the median nerve innervate?

Answer 25

small muscles of thumb via motor fibres

Question 26

where do sensory fibres of median nerve go?

Answer 26

thumb and first two fingers (lateral side of palm of hand)