Lower Limb Radiology Flashcards
how would you check the bone and joint alignment on an Xray?
joint spacing, cortical outline, bone texture and soft tissues
how do nerves enter the pelvis?
sacral formina
what are the ala?
wings of the sacrum
what arise from the intercondylar eminence?
cruciate ligaments
which nerve is close relative to the neck of the fibula?
the common fibular nerve wraps around the neck of the fibula
what is the course of the patellar ligament?
the patella ligament runs over the patella and onto the tibial tuberosity
what is the socket for the talus?
the ankle mortice
what type of joint is between the tibia and fibula and how is it maintained?
syndesmotic joint - maintained by ligaments around the two bones and the interosseous membrane
what type of ankle fractures can be found at the posterior malleolus?
trimalleolar ankle fractures
what has happened in diastasis?
the pubic symphysis is widened and separated
why might a fracture appear white and not black?
black signifies loss of bone and air inbetween - if there is a white fracture then there is overt overlapping or driving of two ends of bone together due to severe impaction and therefore increased density
what is seen in Xray of an osteoarthritic knee?
osteophytes and loss of smooth contour of bone and joint space - tibial plateaus and condyles barely visible
what is lipohaemathrosis and what does it represent?
it comes with a history of trauma and will be in region of bursae - blood and fat will separate into layers with fat ontop of blood due to different densities, it should not be there and signifies there is a pathology even if cannot see
what is the difference between pain and tenderness?
pain is what someone says they have and tenderness is what you find on examination
what is an unstable ankle injury?
widening of the syndesmotic joint indicating ligament disruption (and medial malleolus fracture)
