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C&M > the skull > Flashcards

the skull Flashcards

1
Q

what is the temporomandibular joint?

A

paired synovial joint that can move

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2
Q

what is the function of the skull?

A

protect the eyes, brain, orbital, nose and oral cavity

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3
Q

what is the large unpaired bone at the front top of the skull?

A

frontal - underlying it is the frontal lobe

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4
Q

is the parietal bone paired and where does it sit?

A

lateral skull behind the sphenoid and is paired

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5
Q

what bones on the side of the face are paired?

A

the temporal bones

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6
Q

where is the sphenoid in a lateral view and is it paired?

A

anterior to the temporal bone and is unpaired

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7
Q

the zygomatic, maxilla, lacrimal and nasal bones are all around the nasal cavity, what are these?

A

paired

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8
Q

what unpaired bone extends down and forms part of the nasal septum?

A

the ethmoid bone - the vomer is another unpaired bone forming the remainder

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9
Q

where are the inferior nasal conchae found?

A

they are paired - one on each lateral side of nasal cavity

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10
Q

what is the structure of the skull?

A

22 bones that are connected by fibrous sutures with one exception: the temporomandibular joints

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11
Q

what are the four paranasal sinuses and are they paired?

A

they are paired

frontal, ethmoidal, maxillary and sphenoidal

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12
Q

what is the function of the paranasal sinuses?

A

to lighten the skull, drainage and humidify air

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13
Q

where are the superior and middle conchae found?

A

the ethmoidal bone

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14
Q

what are meatuses?

A

spaces under the conchae where the sinuses drain

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15
Q

where does each sinus drain?

A

sphenoidal and ethmoidal - superior
maxillary and frontal - middle
nasal lacrimal duct - inferior

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16
Q

where is the pituitary gland?

A

just posterior to the sphenoidal sinus

17
Q

where does the mastoid process come off from?

A

the temporal bone at the bottom - where the sternocleidomastoid attaches

18
Q

what other process comes off the temporal bone?

A

styloid process

19
Q

what is the space between the two temporal processes?

A

the auditory canal or meatus - covered by the tympanic membrane - external ear

20
Q

what is the pyterion and what pathology is related to this?

A

it is where the frontal, temporal and parietal bones meet - fracture can cause rupture of the middle meningeal artery - extradural haematoma

21
Q

what is between the parietal and frontal lobe?

A

the coronal suture

22
Q

what can flexion of the neck be?

A

unilateral or contralateral

23
Q

what suture is between the parietal bones?

A

the sagittal suture

24
Q

where is the lamboid suture?

A

inbetween the parietal and occipital bone

25
Q

what are the characteristics of a newborn’s skull?

A

fontanelle - where the skull has not fully fused - childbirth and growth
missing mastoid process - develops as the external auditory meatus does
short external auditory meatus - likely infections and cannot put earbud in
poorly developed mandible

26
Q

what are the holes in the ethmoidal bone?

A

cribriform plates

27
Q

where is the pituitary fossa?

A

sphenoid bone

28
Q

what structures are in or lateral to the sphenoid bone?

A

in is the optic canal for CNII

lateral is the superior orbital fissure which is an elongated canal for CNIII, IV V1 and VI

29
Q

where do V2 and 3 travel through?

A

2 - foramen ovale

3 - foramen spinosum

30
Q

what travels through the hypoglossal and internal auditory canal?

A

hypoglossal canal - CNXII

IAC - CNVII and VIII

31
Q

what goes through the jugular foramen?

A

CNIX, X, XI and IJV

32
Q

what is in each of the cranial fossa?

A

anterior - frontal and parts of the sphenoidal
middle - temporal lobe
posterior - cerebellum and the brain stem
occipital lobe does not make contact with the base of the skull

33
Q

what forms the hard palate?

A

the palatine bone paired with the maxilla

34
Q

what is the function of the medial and lateral pterygoid plates?

A

muscular attachments

35
Q

where are the foramen ovale and spinosum?

A

base of the sphenoidal

36
Q

what is the foramen between the styloid and mastoid processes?

A

the stylomastoid foramen - CNVII exit

37
Q

what canal is in the temporal bone?

A

the carotid canal for the CA

C&M (36 decks)

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