The Arm and Elbow

Question 1

how many terminal branches of brachial plexus are there?

Answer 1

5

Question 2

what are the four sections of the spinal cord?

Answer 2

thoracic, lumbar, cervical and sacral

Question 3

what information does the anterior ventral ramus of the spinal cord convey?

Answer 3

sensory in and motor out to anterior body and limbs

Question 4

what innervates the tricep?

Answer 4

radial nerve

Question 5

what are the contributions of the median nerve?

Answer 5

lateral and medial cord

Question 6

are the flexors anterior or posterior?

Answer 6

anterior

Question 7

what are the four muscles in the arm?

Answer 7

coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, brachioradialis, brachialis

Question 8

what does the tricep do?

Answer 8

extend the elbow

Question 9

what are the origins of the triceps?

Answer 9

lateral head: posteroslateral humerus above spiral groove
long head: infraglenoid tubercle on scapula
medial: posteromedial humerus below spiral groove

Question 10

what is the insertion of the triceps?

Answer 10

olecranon process of ulna

Question 11

what is the innervation of the triceps?

Answer 11

radial nerve C5-T1

Question 12

how many bones are in the elbow?

Answer 12

3

Question 13

what is the most common injury in children and what is the danger of this?

Answer 13

supracondylar fracture and injury to median nerve and brachial artery

Question 14

is the elbow stable and why/why not?

Answer 14

one of most stable joints in body due to congruity between trochlear notch and trochlea

Question 15

what structures reinforce the joint capsule of elbow?

Answer 15

radial collateral ligament laterally, medially by ulnar collateral ligament

Question 16

describe posterior dislocation of the ulnar?

Answer 16

needs considerable force, it is hyperextension driving the ulnar posteriorly, the ulnar nerve can be injured and the collateral ligament torn

Question 17

symptoms of injury to the ulnar nerve?

Answer 17

numbness of medial part of palm and medial one and a half fingers and weakness of flexion and adduction of the wrist

Question 18

what is bursitis?

Answer 18

olecranon bursa protects the olecranon process of the ulna. Excessive, repeated pressure and friction over this can cause inflammation of bursa which swells and is painful - inflammation of bursa behind olecranon

Question 19

what are the two types of epicondylitis?

Answer 19

medial - forearm flexor tendons and lateral - forearm extensor tendons

Question 20

what is a pulled elbow?

Answer 20

when the anular ligament is weak (usual in children) so the radius can sublux or dislocate