vasculature of abdominal viscera

Question 1

what 4 quadrants is the abdomen split into

Answer 1

right/left upper
right/left lower

Question 2

which level does the aorta split into the left and right common iliac arteries

Answer 2

L4

Question 3

are the kidneys intra or retro peritoneal

Answer 3

retroperitoneal

Question 4

what is the structure found sitting on the superior aspect of the kidneys

Answer 4

adrenal glands

Question 5

what is the function of adrenal glands

Answer 5

produce hormones such as cortisol, aldosterone and adrenaline.

• The adrenal hormones help regulate several bodily functions including metabolism, blood pressure and your body’s response to stress.

Question 6

the superior aspect of the kidney is found at which landmark

Answer 6

rib 11

Question 7

which vertebral level do the renal arteries branch off the aorta to supply kidneys

Answer 7

L1/L2

Question 8

Which major branch from the aorta supples the foregut

Answer 8

celiac trunk

Question 9

the neck of pancreas is located at which landmark

Answer 9

L1

Question 10

the pancreas and duodenum is supplied by both the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric, what kind of supply is this

Answer 10

mesenteric

Question 11

what is the main branch off the aorta that supplies the pancreas and spleen

Answer 11

Celiac trunk

Question 12

which aortic branch supplies the spleen

Answer 12

splenic artery

Question 13

which aortic branch supplies the liver

Answer 13

common hepatic

Question 14

which aortic branch supplies the stomach and duodenum

Answer 14

gastroduodenal

Question 15

what 2 branches of the gastroduodenal artery supply the upper front and back part of the pancreas and duodenum

Answer 15

• superior anterior pancreaticoduodenal artery ( upper front)
• superior posterior pancreaticoduodenal artery (upper back)

Question 16

what 2 branches branches supply the lower front and lower back of the pancreas and duodenum

Answer 16

• inferior anterior pancraticoduodenal artery ( lover back)
• inferior posterior pancreaticoduodenal artery ( lower front)

Question 17

which level does the celiac trunk branch off the aorta

Answer 17

t12

Question 18

what artery supplies the stomach

Answer 18

celiac trunk

Question 19

which artery supplies the lesser curvature of the stomach and is a branch of the proper hepatic artery

Answer 19

right gastric artey

Question 20

which artery supplies liver

Answer 20

common hepatic

Question 21

which artery supplies the greater curvature of the stomah

Answer 21

gastro-omental

Question 22

what is the main aortic branch supplying the liver (not arterial branch)

Answer 22

cephalic trunk

• branched off common hepatic goes to liver

Question 23

which arterial branch supplies the liver and gall bladder

Answer 23

proper hepatic

Question 24

which arterial branch supplies the left and right lobe of the liver

Answer 24

left and right hepatic artery

Question 25

at what point does the common hepatic artery become the hepatic proper artery

Answer 25

when the gastroduodenal artery branches off it

Question 26

which part of the duodenum separates the foregut and midgut

Answer 26

2nd part (descending)

Question 27

which major branch of aorta supplies the midgut

Answer 27

superior mesenteric

Question 28

what artery supplies the lower part of pancreas and duodenum

Answer 28

inferior anterior/posterior pancreaticoduodenal artery

Question 29

not the superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries anastomose

Question 30

what artery supplies the small bowel

Answer 30

jejuenal and illeal artery

Question 31

what structure does the large intestine meet the small intestine at

Answer 31

ileocaecal junction

Question 32

where does the midgut meet the hindgut

Answer 32

2/3 along the transverse colon

Question 33

what artery supplies the middle of the large intestine

Answer 33

middle colic

Question 34

what artery supplies the right side of large intestine

Answer 34

right colic

Question 35

which artery supplies the ileocaecal junction

Answer 35

ileocolic

Question 36

which artery supplies the appendix

Answer 36

appendicular

Question 37

which artery supplies the edge of large intestine

Answer 37

marginal artery of drummond

Question 38

which branch off the aorta supplies the hind gut

Answer 38

inferior mesanteric

Question 39

which vertebral level does the inferior mesenteric artery branch off the aorta

Answer 39

L3

Question 40

which artery supplies the superior part of the rectum

Answer 40

superior rectal

Question 41

which artery supplies the left side of the large intestine

Answer 41

left colic

Question 42

which artery supplies the sigmoid

Answer 42

sigmoid artery

Question 43

define what a watershed area is

Answer 43

regions of body that receive dual blood supply

Question 44

what is a negative and positive of watershed regions in terms of ischaemia

Answer 44

pro : - if theres a blockage in one of the arteries that supply a watershed area, they are spared from ischaemia due to dual supply con : - if there is systemic hypo perfusion (slow/reduced blood flow) it is extremely vulnerable to ischaemia as it is most distal to branches

Question 45

what are the 3 watershed regions in the large intestine

Answer 45

1. around the SMA ileal branches ( near the junction where the large intestine and small intestine meet) 2. splenic flexure ( upper left corner of LI) (Griffith point) 3. rectosigmoid junction (sudeck point)

Question 46

what of the gut does the inferior mesenteric vein drain

Answer 46

hind gut

Question 47

what vein drains the spleen

Answer 47

splenic vein

Question 48

what 2 other structures does the splenic vein drain

Answer 48

pancreas and stomach

Question 49

what part of the gut does the superior mesenteric vein drain

Answer 49

mid gut

Question 50

the superior mesenteric and splenic vein fuse to form which major vein

Answer 50

hepatic portal vein

Question 51

why does the venous blood from the gut go to the liver and not inferior vena cava

Answer 51

- substances absorbed by the bowel need to get stored, altered and detoxified first

Question 52

note the lymphatic drainage has the same name as the arteries

Question 53

what lymph node drains to which lymph nodes from the foregut

Answer 53

celiac lymph nodes

Question 54

what lymph nodes drain midgut

Answer 54

superior mesenteric lymph nodes

Question 55

what lymph nodes drain hindgut

Answer 55

inferior mesenteric lymph nodes

Question 56

what is the name fo the structure into which the lymph nodes form the celiac lymph nodes will flow

Answer 56

thoracic duct