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VASCULAR SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

Taking blood to the tissues and back

A

BLOOD VESSELS

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2
Q

BLOOD VESSELS

A
  • Arteries
  • Arterioles
    *Capillaries
  • Venules
  • Veins
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3
Q

Three layers (tunics)

A
  1. Tunic intima
  2. Tunic media
  3. Tunic externa
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4
Q

*Endothelium

A

Tunic intima

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5
Q
  • Smooth muscle
    *Controlled by sympathetic nervous system
A

Tunic media

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6
Q

Mostly fibrous connective tissue

A

Tunic externa

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7
Q
  • Most arterial blood is pumped by the heart
  • Veins use the milking action of muscles to help move blood
A

MOVEMENT OF BLOOD THROUGH VESSELS

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8
Q

Capillary beds consist of two types of vessels

A
  • Vascular shunt
  • True capillaries
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9
Q

directly connects an arteriole to a venule

A

Vascular shunt

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10
Q

– exchange vessels
*Oxygen and nutrients cross to cells
*Carbon dioxide and metabolic waste products cross into blood

A

True capillaries

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11
Q

VITAL SIGNS

A
  • Arterial pulse
  • Blood pressure
  • Repiratory Rate
  • Body Temperature
  • All indicate the efficiency of the system
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12
Q

pressure wave of blood

A

Pulse

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13
Q

Measurements by health professionals are made on the pressure in large arteries

A

BLOOD PRESSURE

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14
Q

pressure at the peak of ventricular contraction

A

Systolic

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15
Q

pressure when ventricles relax

A

Diastolic

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16
Q

Autonomic nervous system adjustments
(sympathetic division)

A

Neural factors

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17
Q

Regulation by altering blood volume

A

Renal factors

18
Q

hormonal control

19
Q

BLOOD PRESSURE: EFFECTS OF FACTORS

A

Temperature
Chemicals
Diet

20
Q

has a vasodilation effect

21
Q

has a vasoconstricting effect

22
Q

Various substances can cause increases or
decreases

23
Q

Normal systolic

A

140–110 mm Hg

24
Q

Normal diastolic

A

80–75 mm Hg

25
Low systolic below 110 mm HG Often associated with illness
Hypotension
26
High systolic above 140 mm HG Can be dangerous if it is chronic
Hypertension
27
when blood returns to the heart from the systemic route, it is pumped out of the right ventricle through the pulmonary to the lungs.
Pulmonary circulation
28
carries oxygen and nutrients to body tissues and removes carbon dioxide and other wastes and heat from the tissues.
Systemic circulation
29
carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the air sacs (alveoli) within the lungs and returns oxygenated blood from the air sacs to the left atrium
PULMONARY CIRCULATION
30
carries oxygen and nutrients to body tissues and removes carbon dioxide and other wastes and heat from the tissues.
SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION
31
carries oxygen and nutrients to body tissues and removes carbon dioxide and other wastes and heat from the tissue
SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION
32
carries venous blood from the gastrointestinal organs and spleen to the liver.
Hepatic portal circulation
33
vein that carries blood from one capillary network to another
Portal vein
34
receives blood from capillaries of gastrointestinal organs and the spleen and delivers it to the sinusoids of the liver.
Hepatic portal vein
35
drains blood from the small intestine and portions of the large intestine, stomach, and pancreas
Superior mesenteric vein
36
drains blood from the stomach, pancreas, and portions of the large intestine
Splenic vein
37
which passes into the splenic vein, drains portions of the large intestine
Inferior mesenteric vein
38
which open directly into the hepatic portal vein, drain the stomach.
Right and left gastric veins
39
which also opens into the hepatic portal vein, drains the gallbladder.
Cystic vein
40
he liver is receiving nutrient-rich but deoxygenated blood .
Hepatic portal vein
41
the liver also receiving oxygenated blood ,a branch of the celiac trunk.
Hepatic artery
42
the oxygenated blood mixes with the deoxygenated blood Eventually, blood leaves the sinusoids of the liver through the hepatic veins, which drain into the inferior vena cava.
Sinusoids

ANAPHY (21 decks)

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