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ANAPHY > MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM > Flashcards

MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q
  • supplies the: Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, parts of Left Ventricle (posterior side, by the posterior interventricular artery)
A

Right Coronary Artery (RCA)

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2
Q

Left Ventricle and a small portion of the Right Ventricle (via the Left Anterior Descending Artery), LA auricle

A

Left Coronary Artery (LCA )

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3
Q

non muscular extension of the atria, adds volume to chambers of heart

A

LA auricle

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4
Q
  • Passes along the IV groove to the apex of the heart
  • Supplies adjacent part of the ventricles; gives rise to a lateral branch that descend on the anterior surface of the heart
A

Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD)

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5
Q
  • Runs through the left border of the heart to its posterior surface
  • Left marginal branch: follows the left margin of the
    heart; supplies the left ventricle
  • Terminates in the coronary sulcus in the posterior
    aspect of the heart
A

Circumflex artery

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6
Q
  • Venous drainage of most of the coronary circulation
  • Empties into the RA, via the
A

Coronary sinus

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7
Q

Drains the areas of the heart supplied by the LCA

A

Great cardiac vein

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8
Q

Accompanies posterior IV artery

A

Middle cardiac vein

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9
Q

Accompanies right marginal artery

A

Small cardiac vein

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10
Q

Drains directly into the right atrium

A

Anterior cardiac vein

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11
Q

Major veins draining into the coronary sinus:

A

a.) Great cardiac vein
b.) Middle cardiac vein
c.) Small cardiac vein
d.) Anterior cardiac vein

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12
Q

Main branches of the arch of the aorta:

A
  1. Brachiocephalic trunk
  2. Left common carotid
  3. Left subclavian
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13
Q
  • Arises posterior to the manubrium
  • Anterior to the trachea and posterior to the left of the brachiocephalic vein
  • Branches into right subclavian and right common carotid arteries
A

Brachiocephalic trunk

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14
Q
  • Arises posterior to the manubrium, slightly posterior and to the left of the brachiocephalic trunk
  • Enters the neck by passing posterior to the left SC joint
A

Left common carotid

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15
Q

Arises from the posterior part of the arch, just posterior to the left common carotid artery

A

Left subclavian

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16
Q
  • Begins on the left side of the inferior border of the body of the T4 vertebra
  • Descends in the posterior mediastinum on the left sides of T5- T12 vertebrae
  • Branches of descending aorta
A

Thoracic Aorta

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17
Q

First branch of abdominal aorta; supplies inferior portion of diaphragm

A

Inferior phrenic artery

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18
Q

Supplies stomach and liver, first half
of duodenum

A

Coeliac artery

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19
Q
  • Last half of duodenum, small intestine, parts of large intestine, pancreas
  • Supplies part of the gastrointestinal tract derived from midgut
A

Superior mesenteric artery

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20
Q
  • Large intestine: distal third of transverse colon up to the rectum
  • Supplies part of gastrointestinal tract derived from the hindgut
A

Inferior mesenteric artery

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21
Q
  • Kidney
  • Arise at the level of the IV disc between L1 and L2
    vertebrae
A

Renal artery

22
Q

Supply blood to gonads

A

Gonadal artery

23
Q

testicular artery; transverses inguinal canal and
enters scrotum; supplies abdominal ureter, and
epididymis

A

Gonadal artery Male

24
Q

ovarian artery; supplies abdominal and /or
pelvic ureter, ovary, and ampullary end of uterine tube

A

Gonadal artery Female

25
Q

supplies blood to posterior abdominal wall

A

(Four to five) Lumbar arteries

26
Q

branches off into internal and
external iliac arteries

A

Common iliac arteries

27
Q

Drains blood from the liver into the IVC just inferior the diaphragm

A

Right, middle, and left hepatic veins

28
Q
  • Drains each kidneys into the IVC
  • Lie anterior to the right and left renal arteries
A

Renal veins

29
Q

empties directly into IVC

A

Right gonadal vein

30
Q

empties into renal vein; testicular /
ovarian vein

A

Left gonadal vein

31
Q

worm-like structure found more commonly
in the veins of the left scrotum, because of higher pressure in the left renal vein

A

Varicosyl

32
Q

VEINS IN THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY

A

2.) Right, middle, and left hepatic veins
4.) Right gonadal vein
5.) Left gonadal vein
6.) Varicosyl
7.) Common internal and external iliac veins

33
Q

3 Concentric Layers of Blood Vessels:

A
  1. Tunica Intima
  2. Tunica Media
  3. Tunica Adventitia
34
Q
  • includes the endothelium,
    connective tissue, and an internal elastic lamina
A

Tunica Intima

35
Q

contains alternating layers of
smooth muscle and collagen or elastic lamellae

A

Tunica Media

36
Q

contains connective tissue, small vessels and nerves and vasa vasorum

A

Tunica Adventitia

37
Q

Arteries:

A

1.Elastic
2.Muscular
3.Small

38
Q

Microvasculature

A
  1. Arteioles
  2. Capillaries
  3. Venules
39
Q

Veins

A
  1. Small
  2. Medium
  3. Large
40
Q
  • aka Conducting Arteries
  • with fenestrated elastic laminae in the thick tunica media
  • Contains Vasa Vasorum
A

Large Elastic Arteries

41
Q

-less elastic material than Elastic Artery
- Distribute blood to all organs and maintain steady blood
pressure and flow with vasodilation and constriction

A

Muscular Arteries

42
Q
  • no vasa vasourm
  • Distribute blood to arterioles, adjusting flow
    with vasodilation and constriction
A

Small Arteries

43
Q

Microvasculature

A
  1. Arterioles
  2. Capillaries
  3. Venules
44
Q

-Endothelium; no connective tissue / smooth
muscle
- Resist and control blood flow to capillaries;
major determinant of systemic blood pressure

A

Arterioles

45
Q
  • Endothelium only
  • No Tunica Adventitia
  • Exchange metabolites by diffusion to and
    from cells
A

Capillaries

46
Q

tight junctions; allow cellular
exchange

A

Continuous Capillaries

47
Q

small pores (fenestrations)

A

Fenestrated Capillaries

48
Q
  • AKA Sinusoids
  • Large Lumen
  • Discontinued Basal Lamina
A

Discontinuous Capillaries

49
Q
  • Endothelium; no valves
  • No Tunica Adventitia
  • Drain capillary beds; site of leukocyte exit
    from vasculature
A

Venules

50
Q
  • Connective tissue, thicker than media
  • Collect blood from venules
A

Small Veins

51
Q
  • Thicker than media; longitudinal smooth muscle
    may be present
  • Carry blood to larger veins, with no backflow
A

Medium Veins

52
Q
  • Thickest layer, with bundled longitudinal
    smooth muscle
  • Return blood to heart
A

Large Veins

ANAPHY (21 decks)

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