Nervous Tissues Flashcards
Duchenne type
Becker type
Sensory
Integrates sensory information by analyzing and storing some of it and by making decisions for appropriate responses
Integrative
Once sensory information is integrated, the nervous system may elicit an appropriate motor response by activating effectors through cranial and spinal
nerves.
Motor
Parts of Central Nervous System
- Brain
- Spinal Cord
Parts of Peripheral Nervous System
- Cranial nerves (12 Pairs)
- Spinal nerves (31 Pairs)
- Autonomic Nervous System
* Sympathetic Nervous System
* Parasympathetic Nervous System
consists of nerves that
convey impulses to the CNS
Sensory (Afferent)
carries impulses from the
CNS to effector organs, muscles and glands.
Motor (Efferent)
allows voluntary movement of
skeletal muscles
Somatic
regulates events that are automatic
or involuntary (Sympathetic and
Parasympathetic)
Autonomic
- Active conducting elements
- Basic unit of the nervous system which conducts electrical impulses from one part of the body to
another
Neurons
- The supporting elements
- includes many types of cells that generally support, insulate, and protect the delicate neurons.
Neuroglia
- Group of short, unsheathed processes
arranged like branches of a tree that transmit
impulses toward the cell body
Dendrites
- Single, elongated sheathed process
conducting impulses away from the cell body
Axons
- perikaryon or soma, contains a nucleus
surrounded by cytoplasm that includes typical
cellular organelles such as lysosomes,
mitochondria, and a golgi complex.
Cell Body
usually have several dendrites and one axon.
Multipolar neurons
They are found in the retina of the eye, in the inner ear, and in the olfactory area of the brain.
Bipolar neurons
have a single process emerging from the cell body
Unipolar neurons
do not have axons; only dendrites. Only communicate
using graded portneials
Anaxonic neurons
- Contain sensory receptors at their distal ends / located just after sensory receptors that are separate cells.
- Conduct action potentials toward the CNS
Sensory of afferent neurons
- Convey action potentials away from the CNS to effectors in the periphery through
cranial or spinal nerves.
Motor or efferent neurons
- Are mainly located within the CNS between sensory and motor neurons.
- Conduct action potentials within the CNS from one neuron to another.
Interneurons or association neurons
- Insulating material covering axons in central
and peripheral nervous system - The electric impulse “jumps” from node to
node in myelin sheath instead of traveling
continuously along the nerve fiber. - Nodes of Ranvier
Myelin Sheath
- The process of forming a myelin sheath
around a nerve to allow .nerve impulses
move more quickly.
Myelination
- lacking a myelin sheath, unmyelinated
axons.
Unmyelination