Vascular - Extracranial Flashcards
What is the survival rate for initial stroke?
What is the risk of recurrence?
- 80%
- Recurrence
- 10% - first year
- 20% - over 5 years
What is the mortality rate of recurrent stroke?
60%
What is the cause of 2/3 of ischemic strokes?
- Cerebrovascular disease
- Hypoperfusion
- Embolization
What is the most common site of significant atherosclerosis which leads to ischemic stroke?
Carotid bifurcation
What are the most common symptoms/presenations associated with vertebral artery disease?
- Ischemia symptoms –> from embolization
- Isolated stenosis –> may not be symptomatic
- Hemodynamic abnormalities –> due to proximal occlusive disease
- steal syndrome vs. steal physiology
What is the class I recommendation for:
- Low grade carotid stenosis
- define
- treatment
- Definition:
- < 50% in symptomatic
- < 60% in asymptomatic
- Treatment:
- optimal medical therapy
What is the class I recommendation for:
Moderate to severe stenosis (symptomatic)
- define
- treatment
- Definition
- > 50% stenosis
- Treatment:
- CEA + optimal medical therapy
What is the class I recommendation for:
- Moderate to severe stenosis (asymptomatic)
- define
- treatment
- Definition
- ► 60%
- Treatment
- CEA + OMT ***(if perioperative risk is low)***
What is the recommendation:
- Moderate to severe stenosis (symptomatic) + high perioperative risk
- define
- treatment
- Definition:
- ► 50%
- Treatment:
- Carotid artery stenting (CAS) as alternative to CEA
Describe the branches
Describe the vessel and branches
How does the external carotid artery provide important intracranial flow in cases of severe ICA stenosis?
Opthalmic artery
Describe the vessel and branches
What does “fetal posterior communication artery” mean?
the posterior communicating atery is the major contributor to the posterior cerebral artery
What deficits occur with infarction of the anterior cerebral artery?
- contralateral weakness of the leg and shoulder
- cortical sensory deficits (also common)
